Adopting A Child As A Family - 1067 Words

Adopting a child, especially internationally, can be quite challenging, but it can also be one of the most rewarding experiences that a family can go through. Families who adopt cross-culturally inevitably face a few barriers when it comes to acclimating a new family member into their lifestyle, but, I happen to know plenty of parents who have taken the plunge, and I have seen the incredible joy that has sprung from it. I decided to interview a family who has adopted because I believe that it is one of the most â€Å"diverse† experiences a family can go through. I have plenty of friends that have adopted siblings, and, personally, I would love to adopt a child one day. For this specific interview, I picked one of my best friend’s family to†¦show more content†¦It is because of this that she has been acting out. She s very hurt inside and doesn t know how to deal with it so she can become very mean to us. She ll say things like, ‘You re not my mom’ or ‘I hate you, but once she calms down she s normal, fun-loving, affectionate, sassy, sweet Rita again. She sometimes actually does some pretty mean things too. For example, one time she dumped a glass of water on me when she was mad at me. I have also been punched, kicked and bitten, but she only does these things because she s confused and she s trying to process her emotions. Once she calms down, she always asked for forgiveness, and she s normal Rita again. I then listened to what Rita s mom, Casey had to answer to this question, For me, it would be gaining her complete trust. It is very difficult to obtain trust from a wounded child who learned to survive without parents before we adopted her. It can take a lifetime for 100% trust, or maybe even never all the way. This lack of trust and confidence in our love and authority over her comes out in some of Rita’s irrational behavior and decision making.† Some of these types of difficulties that Gabby’s family has gone through are just a portion of the aftermath of an adoption. The cultural shock alone can be quite daunting as well. Gabby told me during our interview that when Rita first came to America, she only knew Mama and Papa. She called Gabby and her older sister, AnnShow MoreRelatedA Need to Foster and Adoption1364 Words   |  5 Pages † To take a child of other parents legally as your own† is the definition of adoption in today’s society (merriam-webster). There are different types of adoption there is international and interracial. Various types of people can adopt a child, it does not matter if the person is black, white, Hispanic, gay, lesbian, poor, or rich these people can still adopt. There are several aspects to consider when adopting. A child could have emotional setback because of the care the child has receivedRead MoreThe Different Types Of Adoption1680 Words   |  7 PagesHaving t he opportunity to adopt has given many families the chance to have a family on their own that they may not have been able to have before. Although it benefits the parents who are adopting it also helps the birth mother tremendously. There are several ways to adopt. Parents who want to adopt should choose the best option for them while birth mothers should be more educated so they can be sure to make the best decision for herself and her child. Adoption Agencies: One of the most popular waysRead MoreBenefits of Adoption940 Words   |  4 PagesAdoption is a wonderful and rewarding way to grow a family. When you open your heart and house to a child through adoption, you make an everlasting commitment. It is an important decision that requires thought and discussion among the entire family. Adopting a child is without a doubt a life changing experience that requires patience and dedication. This experience allows families to change a child’s life who one day may have thought that they would never be loved. Parents who adopt from infertilityRead MoreAdoption Is Not An Expensive Process1702 Words   |  7 Pagespermanent families and over one hundred thousand waiting to be adopted (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2015). Couples who cannot have children and are looking for ways for to have children can adopt. Children in foster care are alone and in desperate need of someone to love them unconditionally, showing them that no matter what they are wanted. Adoption is one of the ways couples can have children, through the adoption process, couples can rescue a child from a life in the child welfareRead MoreAdoption Is Necessary For Children Essay940 Words   |  4 Pagesof adopting a child comes with positive benefits and fiscal responsibility, such as government assistance and wiser spending. Children obtain a healthy childhood with a familiar sense of belonging. The drawback of this is the long governmental process of petitioning for adoption. Seeking the birthparents, if they are alive, retrieving consent, being fiscally responsible, and having a safe environment for the child to grow up in are all responsibilities to look forward to when adopting a child. TheRead More Adoption Essay636 Words   |  3 Pages Adopting a child is an experience that promises to bring great joy as it changes a couple or individual’s life forever. But what happens if the mother of that child w ants to endorse their child? Those are the issues that many adopting parents and birth-right mothers are facing today. Many biological mothers want their child back. There are many concerns for adopting parents to know- that there is the possibly that the birth mother may file for the child. As a birth mother or the adopting parentRead MoreGay Adoption Should Be Legal1355 Words   |  6 Pagesunfound families† (National Adoption Center.). Families together are one not anything different from every other family. No matter race, color, or the type of family. Adoption is just a way for anybody who wants to create a family would be able to have the access to have a family of their own. Even to the families who are not able to have a child or does not have a partner to have a child. The National Adoption Center allows the families in need to adopt a child in need of a loving family. Many peopleRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography Essay1443 Words   |  6 PagesBibliography Stone, A.. Both sides on gay adoption cite concern for children. Usa today. Gannett Co. Inc., 2006. Web. 18 Apr 2012 The article is about a couple who is gay having to move in order for both gay parents to get custody of the adopted child. It talks about the statistics of foster care and the number of kids being adopted right now. The numbers are very low and even for gays, its extremely low. It also states that gays are some good candidates for adoption but not being bias towards eitherRead MoreShould Same Sex Couples Be Allowed to Adopt?954 Words   |  4 Pageshomosexuals wanting to start a family which is an immense concern many people oppose to some people dont believe it is acceptable for homosexuals to be able adopt. There is a huge dilemma that same-sex couple’s homosexuality will influence (Marquardt), the children into becoming gay but that only seems to be a form of someones opinion instead of a fact.There are logical explanations to allow gays to adopt, but the main issue is, what the best interest is for the child involved in the situation. ARead MoreClosed Adoption : A New Hom e864 Words   |  4 Pagesadopted and never seen again, nor has any information been given out to our family to help locate him. He had entered closed adoption, which is an irreversible system where parents give up their rights to know any information and right to ever take part in their children s lives. The child is given a new home and grows up thinking the family raising them is their biological relatives. They never know anything about their true family or where they come from. They are mislead by this system of closed adoption

Effects of Globalization on the Micro Level Free Essays

Globalization was generally derived from the assumptions of neo-classical economics. In order for a country to achieve economic development, it must open its economy to trade liberalization. Trade liberalization serves as a redistribution mechanism of capital and goods. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Globalization on the Micro Level or any similar topic only for you Order Now Poor and developing countries can export unlimited volume of goods and services to developed countries. Added to that, the capital inflows from developed countries would serve as a stimulant for capital build-up in the recipient country (developing countries). Because developed countries usually experience labor shortages, labor immigrants from developing countries would serve as the compensating medium. Here economists assume that the â€Å"income† derived from labor migration would then serve as capital outlay. While for many economists globalization is a positive force of development, certain practical issues were laid exposing the bad effects of globalization on the micro-level (individual and communal). There are generally two negative impacts of globalization on the micro-level. The first impact focuses on the condition of the labor force of developing countries (exposed to globalization). It is generally noted while globalization aims for wealth redistribution between developing and developed countries, inequality in terms of income and capital increased (Goldberg, R.K., and N. Pavcnik, 2006). Skilled workers from developing countries are paid less than unskilled workers from developed countries. In China, for example, after opening to globalization, several multi-national corporations (which are based in developed countries) transferred a significant portion of capital to the country. The reason can be derived from the cost of labor in the country. It is estimated that the cost of labor in China is one-eight (on the average) compared to labor cost in developed countries (Goldberg, R.K., and N. Pavcnik, 2006). Multi-national corporations found it rational to shift a significant portion of their capital to labor-rich China. The economic assumptions are clear. Labor surplus would drive the market to realign wages. The more workers, the less average labor price. The inverse relationship between the number of needed workers and labor price pushed these corporations to increase their capital inflow to China. Needless to say, because labor costs are below the market price of labor, these multi-national corporations can increase their profit level, generating new capital (to be transferred to the â€Å"mother† country). Added to that, it was found out that after 10 years of exposure to trade liberalization, China experienced vast disparities in terms of income of its own citizens. Urban workers, on the average, have generally higher incomes than rural workers. Needless to say, these urban workers are generally better off than their rural counterparts. Thus, the vast disparity of income between developed and developing countries is mirrored out in the labor price of urban and rural workers. It can be said that the macro-level effect of globalization resulted to internal income disparities. This owes much to the economic rationalizing of multi-national corporations regarding the â€Å"proper† handling of labor costs. Exposure to longer working hours and poor working conditions are also major impacts of globalization in the workplace. These impacts severely decreased the labor productivity of developing countries. Stallings (2007, pp. 6-7) noted that in Latin America, the opening of several countries to trade liberalization and privatization led to capital build-up in the short-run. Foreign direct investment and other capital inflows contributed to economic growth as well as sustainability of the industrial sector. The labor sector though suffered. The expected level of employment growth as well as improvement in labor productivity in many sectors of several Latin American countries was not met. In fact, some industries like the garment and textile industries suffered from stagnation and high-costs of operations. Several governments were forced to implement longer working hours and tax incentives to several multi-national companies. The general effect: labor productivity decreased by half. Strikes became a common sight in the streets of major Latin American cities. Companies owned by local residents were forced to close as a result of the policy. Multi-national corporations though can easily shift their capital base to countries undeterred by political and economic debacles. We come now to the second general effect of globalization on the micro-level. Globalization requires that all national currencies be on a floating status. This would allow the efficient transfer of capital from developed countries to developing countries. As such, many economists assume that this policy would generally improve the overall economic standing of developing countries in terms of capital outlay and technology acquisition. This is though not the case. Akar (2007) noted that floating currencies would essentially alter the predictability of the market. Inflation, or in many cases stagflation, are usually the main economic problems in developing countries. Because developing countries only own a small percentage of the world’s total monetary reserve, they can easily be affected by price changes in the world market (Kasapidis, R, 1999). Price changes can destroy the predictability of the markets of developing countries. Inflation can become highly unpredictable. Thus, this puts financial institutions on a very high-level of risk. This high risk can be translated to low-level investment schedule of firms. Nonetheless, the overall interest rate increases as a result of monetary downfalls. Increases in interest rate causes inflation and concomitantly, low economic output. On the individual level, as inflation progresses, the present volume of goods and service that can be bought by the value of money is less than the previous volume of goods and services bought. In a simple relationship, globalization requires that national currencies be on a floating status. For developing countries, putting its national currencies on a floating status increases the risks on financial institutions. These risks are translated to high inflation and low economic output. The end: the current purchasing power of a consumer’s income is devalued. Bibliography Akar, O. (2007). Globalization. Available from: http://www.eli.vt.edu/news/archives/2001/news5.html [Accessed 24 October 2007]. Goldberg, P.K., N. Pavcnik. (2006). Distributional Effects of Globalization in Developing Countries. Available from: http://scid.stanford.edu/events/IndiaJune2007/DevelopmentResearch/Goldberg%205-17-07.pdf [Accessed 24 October 2007]. Kasapidis, R. (1999). The Opportunities and Dangers of Globalization. Available from:   [Accessed 24 October 2007]. Stallings, B. (2007). Globalization and Liberalization: A View from the Developing Countries. U.N. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Available from:  [Accessed 24 October 2007].                How to cite Effects of Globalization on the Micro Level, Essay examples

FBO Operation Essay Example For Students

FBO Operation Essay Human Resources/ManagementEmployees4HausAir fixed base operation will provide the highest quality of flight instruction and comfortable charter services to the public; without compromising an ounce of safety, at a price lower than the competition. Human Resources/ Management FunctionsBreakdown of initial staff to begin at HausAir. (5) Receptionist/ClericalJason Henderson(Full Time)(6) Flight Instructors(Chief) Adam MacDonald(Full Time)(4) Mechanics(Chief) Greg Radd (IA; Full Time)Miguel Sanchez (AP; Full Time)(4) Line AttendentsJosh Hodny (Full Time)FlightOfficeServiceFinanceSalesThe HausAir flight instructors will follow some basic guidelines. They will be responsible for:? Student training for appropriate licenses? Maintaining proficiency in maneuvers? Proficiency required flight knowledge? Proficiency instructional techniques? Promoting a positive image of general aviation? Perform duties assigned by chief pilot? Maintaining safe and professional habitsThe position requires a minimum commercial multi-engine land instrument airplane and CFI certificate and those without a CFII will be expected to obtain the certificate within 6 months of start date. Instructors must be able to train a student from wherever their current ability level is to proficiency to the practical test standards for the certificate desir ed.Instructors will be required to follow HausAir flight training syllabus unless there is prior approval from the chief flight instructor. Instructors will be expected to give biannual flight reviews, checkouts to customers planning to rent aircraft and act as pilot or crewmember as required for charter operations. The FBO will follow all rules applicable to our business in order to create a profitable and safe environment. Start up requirements:? Obtain business licenses/permits ? FAR 47 Aircraft Registration? FAR 135 Air Taxi Operators/ Commercial Operators? FAR 145 Repair Station Certification? FAR 157 Notice of Construction on Airport? FAR 43 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, and alteration? FAR 61 Certification: Pilots, flight instructors, and ground instructors? FAR 67 Medical Standards and certification(Insuring that my charter pilot and flight instructors are current)? FAR 135 Air Taxi Operators/Commercial Operators? HMR 175 Fuel Considerations? Meet local/community requirements? Maintain Airport Minimum StandardsThe Piper Warrior will be used as the primary/instrument trainer and rental aircraft. The Bonanzas will be used as a complex trainer, rental, and some charter operations when it would be more economical or when the Baron is unavailable. The Baron will be used solely a charter aircraft. HausAir plans on purchasing all the aircraft through financing. This will enable ownership and benefit from tax savings. By financing we will avoid the lump cash sum all at once through payments. Financing will also give us some cash to utilize in other areas of out operations. Purchasing with cash would not give us flexibility and leasing is not cost effective and would limit our available excess cash. This aircraft is to be used for flight training and rental. The following numbers will be based on a $140,000 Piper Warrior. ? Piper Warrior- flown 60hrs/monthFuel (75% POWER)= $17.30Interest and Depr. 60hrs/month=$12.00Overhaul reserve and indirect cost=$16.00 Total (operational cost/hr)=$52.80Allowing for a 25% profit margin every hourCustomer cost is $52.80/.75 = $70.40Each aircraft will require a flight checkout from a CFI. The checkout will cover aircraft systems, procedures, and will follow the advisory circular for checkout procedures. Rental of the warrior will require a private license. Student pilots training with HausAir will also be allowed to rent aircraft for lessons. Pilots renting aircraft will be required to present: student pilot certificate (if required), pilots license logbook. Rental of other aircraft will have more stringent time requirements based on insurance and other factors; to be determined at a later time. The overall breakdown for the cost of an hour of flight instruction is as follows:TypeCostIns.Handling BenefitsTotal Above I outlined the per hour cost of the instruction. To keep training costs down and attract more students, I will not be applying a profit margin to the flight instructor rate. The figures I have arrived at below are based on a 100 hour/month with 6 same grade students for each instructor. It does not take into consideration that my instructors may teach in more than one category. Type of InstructorBenefits(Medical, Life, dental)PayWith four passenger seats, this aircraft is designed for the business traveler but may be used for any operation. It will not land at any airstrip that is not established with runway lights (unless down for repair). This aircraft will not initially be used for rental. .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 , .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .postImageUrl , .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 , .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:hover , .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:visited , .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:active { border:0!important; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:active , .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632 .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u62e60cb75231d17be8676ebd3487e632:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: MY FIRST TATOO EssayOil (Incl. Oil Filter @ 50 Hour Intervals)= $1.86Engine Airframe (100 Hours @ $38.00/Hour)= $37.35Total direct operating cost= $137.72Profit Margin of 40 %= $96.28Total per hour charge= $250.00The Baron flies at an average speed of 230 statute miles per hour. Based on all of the information presented in this section I will charge $1.08 per statute mile flown. Since we did lower the profit margin a little we will be required to charge a lay over fee. That will be equal to 75% of the $45 per hour charge for the pilots wage. This extra charge will not start to occur until the lay over exceeds 1 hour. One way charters, that are not picking up pay load on the return flight, there will be a charge of $.84 per mile. The reduction in price is accomplished but removing profit margin. HausAir will operate under FAR part 135 and under some of these regulations dealing with the certification and proficiency of the aircraft, crew, and flight operations. HausAir will use the regulations below to develop a manual for policies and procedures, operations specifications manual operating certificate acceptable for use. Copies of the manual will be issued to pilots and be accessible to other necessary employees. FAR 135 Subpart C- Aircraft and Equipment135.163 Equipment requirements: Aircraft carrying passengers under IFR. FAR 135 Subpart E- Crew RequirementsFAR 135 Subpart F- Flight Time and Duty Period Req. 135.267 Flight time limitations and rest req. for one and two pilot unscheduled operations FAR 135 Subpart G- Crewmember Testing Req. FAR 135 Subpart B- Flight Operations135.101 Second in command Req. under IFR135.109 Pilot in Command or second in command designation. 135.113 Passenger occupancy of pilot seat. 135.123 Emergency and emergency evacuation dutiesThe Determination of the hourly wage begins with the national average for a mechanic with an AP license, currently $11.83. HausAir is interested in having the best mechanics working for us and are happy with their pay.To start our shop rates will begin as follows until we have a better idea of our variable and fixed costs. The wages for out mechanics will begin at, but are subject to change based on shortages, business and regional mechanic average pay. Periodic research will be conducted by our sales and office team to determine how we fit into the national structure. The mechanics shop will not have paper library, but an electronic library. Manuals will be computer based to avoid large shelving units, paper loss, etc. The maintenance hanger will be separate from the storage hanger. Equipment will be purchased by HausAir. Consideration will be made to other variable costs including hazardous waste storage/disposal, overstock parts, building costs etc. We plan to earn a 40% profit. Which gives us a total fuel price of $2.74. With an average of 2000 gallons of fuel being sold/used in a week, that nets an income of $5480 with a profit of 2200 a month. Fuel will be stored and fueled by the fuel truck. Line service will fuel all incoming aircraft, regardless of size. HausAir will carry a wide selection of supplies and keep current with charts, approach plates, books and other aviation publications. We can make between 40-60% profit but will charge what competitors like sportys pilot shop charge. We will match their price and work prices around that range. Insurance is an important protection for this FBO. Due to the high amount of risk involved in aviation it will be important to hold monthly safety meetings, and have rotating safety officer schedule that will change every day. There are many different kinds of insurance that we must purchase. Some of the insurance coverage that is required:Fire and Natural disaster coverageBibliography:Bibliographyhttp://www.airplane.com/be58.htmRichardson, Rodwell, Baty (1995) Essentials of Aviation Management. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.

Who ever loved that loved not at first sight free essay sample

This poem starts with the description of the young lovers: the incomparably lovely virgin, Hero, dedicated to the service of the love goddess – she is Venus nun(line 45) and the handsome Leander. Both young people are described as having more than human beauty. Hero is so beautiful that the love-god Cupid mistakes her for that most beautiful of the goddesses, his mother Venus. Leanders description is even more extreme, and perhaps a bit bizarre. He is described as so attractive that even men find him beautiful. Marlowe shows his extreme handsomeness as feminine. Some swore he was a maid in mans attire (line 85). Later, Marlowe describes him, however, in great detail, with a muscular, masculine figure. This feminization of Leanders beauty was a Renaissance poetic convention. There was a limited vocabulary, at this time, for male attractiveness, and a feminine description was sometimes deemed necessary even when the subject was, perhaps, not as androgynous as it might seem. We will write a custom essay sample on Who ever loved that loved not at first sight ? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, in this case the homoerotic undertones of Leanders beauty are a foreshadowing of a future event in the poem. The two lovers live on either side of the Hellespont (the strait which joins the Black Sea and the Aegean.) Hero lives in Sestos, where she is a virgin priestess of the goddess. Her duties are to sacrifice to Venus, and to remain sexually pure. She has aroused, it appears, a dangerous desire for her beauty in her many suitors. Her kirtle blue, whereon was many a stain/Made with the blood of wretched lovers slain (lines 15-16). We see her first, in a sacred grove, sacrificing turtle doves to the goddess. The long-haired Leander lives across the water in Abydos. During the yearly festival to Adonis (one of Venus lovers) in Sestos, Leander and Hero first meet. After Leander has seen and fallen in love with Hero, Hero is subsequently shot with an arrow of love by the god Cupid. The two meet and speak of their prodigious attraction, but Hero has made a vow to the goddess Venus, no less, to keep her chastity. Though Leander uses clever-sounding rhetoric to assure Hero that remaining a virgin is no way to serve her goddess (or herself), Vessels of brass, oft handled, brightly shine (line 232), Hero demurs and returns to her tower. Leander is afraid of being missed, and goes home across the water to Abydos. There, his father can tell by his face that he has fallen in love. Leander flees and goes to stand upon the rocks, gazing across the water at Heros tower. He cannot bear to be parted from Hero any longer, so he takes off his clothes and dives into the water to swim back to her. While Leander is swimming, the sea-god Neptune sees him and mistakes him for another famously handsome youth – the king of the gods Zeuss cupbearer Ganymede. Neptune has long coveted this young man, and takes this as an opportunity to steal him from his brother-god. He captures Leander and takes him down to his palace in the deep. Descriptions of sea-nymphs and mermaids, and the wealth under the oceans, ensue. Once Neptune realizes that Leander is almost drowned, and therefore cannot be Ganymede (who was made immortal by Zeus), the god brings Leander back to the surface. Breathing air again, Leander begins to swim toward Sestos, but Neptune follows underneath him, kissing and caressing him at every stroke. Leander is frightened by this and cries out O let me visit Hero ere I die! (line 661) Neptune will not relent, and continues caressing him and talking of love. Once again Leanders sexual ambiguity is brought up – he tells Neptune he is no woman. Neptune at last sees that Leander will not give into him, and sadly lets him go. Leander reaches Heros tower, and knocks on her door. Hero is surprised to find Leander standing there, dripping wet and  naked. She brings him inside, and since he is cold she lets him lie next to her in bed. They engage in amorous embraces, but Hero, mindful of the value of her sacred chastity, attempts to hold Leander off for a time. Eventually they are overcome by their feelings, and, though they are both a little unsure of how to proceed, they consummate their love. The poem ends as morning dawns. Analysis Hero and Leander is a poem – an epyllion, that is, a short epic poem – which Marlowe composed based on work by the sixth-century poet Musaeus. The story, of course, is much older, based on various versions of a Greek myth. The narrative itself is one of iconic separated lovers, a tale full of Roman mythological references which would have been clear and meaningful to most of Marlowes readers. This poem was written in the last year of Marlowes life, 1593. It was a plague year, and the London theatres all were closed. Therefore Marlowe could not write for the stage, and poetry was his creative outlet. For a poem written in such a dark time, and about such a tragic subject (although the lovers end is actually not shown to us by Marlowe), Marlowes tone is surprisingly light, and the lines are full of a love of humanity and a wonder at the beauty of the world. Particularly the descriptions of Leander and Hero, and the vivid picture of the underwater kingdom of Neptune, are vivid and compelling. The poem has been termed mock-epic because it is so full of humor. Hopkins calls it one of the most deliciously comic poems of Elizabethan literature (literaryencyclopedia.com). Marlowes poem is thought to be unfinished, because the story of Musaeus goes on to tell of the lovers tragic demise. It is possible that Marlowe meant to continue the story (for he introduces characters who are not mentioned again – such as the dwarfish beldame (line 351) and Leanders father), but, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, it is just as likely that Marlowe meant never to continue this poem any further. Since the poems tone is so light and full of humor, it is hard to imagine the subject matter changing so drastically from the joy of young lovers to their deaths. However, Marlowe had already proved that he was capable of writing compellingly about the full range of emotions, so he could have intended to finish the story. The poem as it stands, however, can be judged as a complete work of art. George Chapman divided Marlowes lines,  later, in to two sestiads, and composed an additional four to finish the story. Those lines, however, are Chapmans, and differ greatly from Marlowes original work. They are not considered here. The insistence of Leanders feminine beauty, not once but twice in this poem, is seen by some critics as evidence of Marlowes homosexuality. It may well be, but this convention of the allure young men have for other men is evident in the original story, not invented Marlowe. The classical world was much more accustomed to references to homosexuality than the Elizabethan Christian world of Marlowe. He delights in it, however, lingering lovingly on descriptions of Leander (a full forty lines on Leanders description alone, compared with forty-five on Hero, though her description is as much about her dress as her person) and his attractiveness. The importance placed on Leanders attractiveness, however, is more than is usual in poems of this type. It is easy to see how Marlowe may have been putting some of his own feelings into the poem. On the negative side, the courtship of Leander by Neptune is both explicit and disturbing, because Leander is frightened, does not desire the attention, and doesnt exactly know what is happening. He is nearly drowned, and cannot imagine what this god would want from him. Leander shows his sexual ignorance by insisting that he is not a woman. This is not the only instance of his extreme naivetà ©; later, Leander he does not understand what it to be done to consummate his relationship with Hero. This extreme sexual innocence is common in classical poems (such as Daphnis and Chloe) and was considered by the Romans especially to be an interesting subject for a love-poem. This is not a common theme in Elizabethan poetry, so Marlowe took this from Musaeus. The joyous meeting and reunion of the lovers is love-poetry of a particularly effective kind. The emphasis is on the looks in the eyes of the lovers, the words they speak, the embraces they attempt. The realistic touches (such as Leander attempting, by sophistry, to convince Hero to sleep with him) are charming, and remind the reader that these two are not simply iconic lovers from the distant past. Hero and Leander are compelling because their reactions (even the less-than-truthful words of Hero, as she attempts to hold off Leander) are innocent and based on universal human emotions. Marlowe took a story from Greek myths intact, but made the characters believable to an Elizabethan audience. Who ever loved that loved not at first sight free essay sample Who ever loved that loved not at first sight? This poem starts with the description of the young lovers: the incomparably lovely virgin, Hero, dedicated to the service of the love goddess – she is Venus nun(line 45) and the handsome Leander. Both young people are described as having more than human beauty. Hero is so beautiful that the love-god Cupid mistakes her for that most beautiful of the goddesses, his mother Venus. Leanders description is even more extreme, and perhaps a bit bizarre. He is described as so attractive that even men find him beautiful. Marlowe shows his extreme handsomeness as feminine. Some swore he was a maid in mans attire (line 85). Later, Marlowe describes him, however, in great detail, with a muscular, masculine figure. This feminization of Leanders beauty was a Renaissance poetic convention. There was a limited vocabulary, at this time, for male attractiveness, and a feminine description was sometimes deemed necessary even when the subject was, per haps, not as androgynous as it might seem. We will write a custom essay sample on Who ever loved that loved not at first sight ? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, in this case the homoerotic undertones of Leanders beauty are a foreshadowing of a future event in the poem. The two lovers live on either side of the Hellespont (the strait which joins the Black Sea and the Aegean.) Hero lives in Sestos, where she is a virgin priestess of the goddess. Her duties are to sacrifice to Venus, and to remain sexually pure. She has aroused, it appears, a dangerous desire for her beauty in her many suitors. Her kirtle blue, whereon was many a stain/Made with the blood of wretched lovers slain (lines 15-16). We see her first, in a sacred grove, sacrificing turtle doves to the goddess. The long-haired Leander lives across the water in Abydos. During the yearly festival to Adonis (one of Venus lovers) in Sestos, Leander and Hero first meet. Marlowe described it with a memorable ten lines, which is often extracted from the longer poem as its own, stand-alone love-poem. Note the familiar sentiment about love at first sight; Shakespeare used something similar in Act 3 Scene V of As You Like It: It lies not win our power to love or hate, For will in us is overruled by fate. When two are stripped, long ere the course begin We wish that one should lose, the other win. And one especially do we affect Of two gold ingots like in each respect. The reason no man knows; let it suffice What we behold is censured by our eyes. Where both deliberate, the love is slight: Whoever loved that loved not at first sight? After Leander has seen and fallen in love with Hero, Hero is subsequently shot with an arrow of love by the god Cupid. The two meet and speak of their prodigious attraction, but Hero has made a vow to the goddess Venus, no less, to keep her chastity. Though Leander uses clever-sounding rhetoric to assure Hero that remaining a virgin is no way to serve her goddess (or herself), Vessels of brass, oft handled, brightly shine (line 232), Hero demurs and returns to her tower. Leander is afraid of being missed, and goes home across the water to Abydos. There, his father can tell by his face that he has fallen in love. Leander flees and goes to stand upon the rocks, gazing across the water at Heros tower. He cannot bear to be parted from Hero any longer, so he takes off his clothes and dives into the water to swim back to her. While Leander is swimming, the sea-god Neptune sees him and mistakes him for another famously handsome youth – the king of the gods Zeuss cupbearer Ganymede. Neptune has long coveted this young man, and takes this as an opportunity to steal him from his brother-god. He captures Leander and takes him down to his palace in the deep. Descriptions of sea-nymphs and mermaids, and the wealth under the oceans, ensue. Once Neptune realizes that Leander is almost drowned, and therefore cannot be Ganymede (who was made immortal by Zeus), the god brings Leander back to the surface. Breathing air again, Leander begins to swim toward Sestos , but Neptune follows underneath him, kissing and caressing him at every stroke. Leander is frightened by this and cries out O let me visit Hero ere I die! (line 661) Neptune will not relent, and continues caressing him and talking of love. Once again Leanders sexual ambiguity is brought up – he tells Neptune he is no woman. Neptune at last sees that Leander will not give into him, and sadly lets him go. Leander reaches Heros tower, and knocks on her door. Hero is surprised to find Leander standing there, dripping wet and naked. She brings him inside, and since he is cold she lets him lie next to her in bed. They engage in amorous embraces, but Hero, mindful of the value of her sacred chastity, attempts to hold Leander off for a time. Eventually they are overcome by their feelings, and, though they are both a little unsure of how to proceed, they consummate their love. The poem ends as morning dawns. Analysis Hero and Leander is a poem – an epyllion, that is, a short epic poem – which Marlowe composed based on work by the sixth-century poet Musaeus. The story, of course, is much older, based on various versions of a Greek myth. The narrative itself is one of iconic separated lovers, a tale full of Roman mythological references which would have been clear and meaningful to most of Marlowes readers. This poem was written in the last year of Marlowes life, 1593. It was a plague year, and the London theatres all were closed. Therefore Marlowe could not write for the stage, and poetry was his creative outlet. For a poem written in such a dark time, and about such a tragic subject (although the lovers end is actually not shown to us by Marlowe), Marlowes tone is surprisingly light, and the lines are full of a love of humanity and a wonder at the beauty of the world. Particularly the descriptions of Leander and Hero, and the vivid picture of the underwater kingdom of Neptune, are vivid and compelling. The poem has been termed mock-epic because it is so full of humor. Hopkins calls it one of the most deliciously comic poems of Elizabethan literature (literaryencyclopedia.com). Marlowes poem is thought to be unfinished, because the story of Musaeus goes on to tell of the lovers tragic demise. It is possible that Marlowe meant to continue the story (for he introduces characters who are not mentioned again – such as the dwarfish beldame (line 351) and Leanders father), but, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, it is just as likely that Marlowe meant never to continue this poem any further. Since the poems tone is so light and full of humor, it is hard to imagine the subject matter changing so drastically from the joy of young lovers to their deaths. However, Marlowe had already proved that he was capable of writing compellingly about the full range of emotions, so he could have intended to finish the story. The poem as it stands, however, can be judged as a complete work of art. George Chapman divided Marlowes lines, later, in to two sestiads, and composed an additional four to finish the story. Those lines, however, are Chapmans, and differ greatly from Marlowes original work. They are not considered here. The insistence of Leanders feminine beauty, not once but twice in this poem, is seen by some critics as evidence of Marlowes homosexuality. It may well be, but this convention of the allure young men have for other men is evident in the original story, not invented Marlowe. The classical world was much more accustomed to references to homosexuality than the Elizabethan Christian world of Marlowe. He delights in it, however, lingering lovingly on descriptions of Leander (a full forty lines on Leanders description alone, compared with forty-five on Hero, though her description is as much about her dress as her person) and his attractiveness. The importance placed on Leanders attractiveness, however, is more than is usual in poems of this type. It is easy to see how Marlowe may have been putting some of his own feelings into the poem. On the negative side, the courtship of Leander by Neptune is both explicit and disturbing, because Leander is frightened, does not desire the attention, and doesnt exactly know what is happening. He is nearly drowned, and cannot imagine what this god would want from him. Leander shows his sexual ignorance by insisting that he is not a woman. This is not the only instance of his extreme naivetà ©; later, Leander he does not understand what it to be done to consummate his relationship with Hero. This extreme sexual innocence is common in classical poems (such as Daphnis and Chloe) and was considered by the Romans especially to be an interesting subject for a love-poem. This is not a common theme in Elizabethan poetry, so Marlowe took this from Musaeus. The joyous meeting and reunion of the lovers is love-poetry of a particularly effective kind. The emphasis is on the looks in the eyes of the lovers, the words they speak, the embraces they attempt. The realistic touches (such as Leander attempting, by sophistry, to convince Hero to sleep with him) are charming, and remind the reader that these two are not simply iconic lovers from the distant past. Hero and Leander are compelling because their reactions (even the less-than-truthful words of Hero, as she attempts to hold off Leander) are innocent and based on universal human emotions. Marlowe took a story from Greek myths intact, but made the characters believable to an Elizabethan audience.