Free Essays on Picture of Dorian Gray: A Quick Analysis :: The Picture of Dorian Gray Essays

A Quick Analysis of Dorian Gray The story starts as Basil Hallward, a painter, is chipping away at a representation portraying a youngster named Dorian Gray. His companion, Lord Henry Wotton, is visiting and reveals to him that he thinks it is the best work Basil has ever done. He needs to know who the youngster is in the painting, as his attractive features are clearly extremely striking, yet Basil is hesitant to discuss it. Ruler Henry demands meeting Dorian, and in the end Basil presents them, in the wake of caution Lord Henry not to attempt to impact Dorian, since he is an awful impact. Dorian immediately takes to Lord Henry, captivated by the manner in which he talks and his extraordinary perspective on the world, which is really irritating, to me at any rate. Ruler Henry takes Dorian outside and delivers a discourse about how he thinks excellence is everything and that Dorian ought not squander his childhood since it is the most significant thing on the planet. All things considered, in any event he's not sha llow or anything like that. At the point when Basil completes that painting, Dorian has a hissy tantrum since he understands that while he develops old and appalling, the work of art will remain always youthful. He wishes that the canvas would age and he would stay wonderful until the end of time. Approach to go, Dorian. The following day, Lord Henry visits his uncle, Lord Fermor, and discovers increasingly about Dorian's past and his parentage. He winds up completely fixated on Dorian and the force he believes he has over him. Afterward, he visits his auntie, Lady Agatha, and Dorian is there. We get the chance to get a greater amount of his dubious thoughts on a few subjects. Everyone appears to be shocked at the manner in which he thinks, yet I surmise he is enchanting to such an extent that they gobble it straight up. A short time later, Dorian trench Basil to go out with Lord Henry, which is truly cold. Anyway, after a month, Dorian reveals to Lord Henry that he has become hopelessly enamored with an entertainer named Sybil Vane. They have an exchange wherein Dorian clarifies how he met Sybil (motivated by Lord Henry and needing to know everything about existence, he went to a playhouse in an awful piece of town, saw her in a Shakespearean play, and was stricken to the point that he came back to see her consistently since) and Lord Henry offers significantly MORE of his perspectives, which principally comprise of (progressively) cocky, egotistical speculations, also the steady generalizing of ladies. Free Essays on Picture of Dorian Gray: A Quick Analysis :: The Picture of Dorian Gray Essays A Quick Analysis of Dorian Gray The story starts as Basil Hallward, a painter, is taking a shot at a picture portraying a youngster named Dorian Gray. His companion, Lord Henry Wotton, is visiting and discloses to him that he thinks it is the best work Basil has ever done. He needs to know who the youngster is in the painting, as his attractive features are clearly extremely striking, yet Basil is hesitant to discuss it. Master Henry demands meeting Dorian, and in the long run Basil presents them, in the wake of caution Lord Henry not to attempt to impact Dorian, since he is a terrible impact. Dorian immediately takes to Lord Henry, intrigued by the manner in which he talks and his exceptional perspective on the world, which is entirely irritating, to me at any rate. Master Henry takes Dorian outside and gives a discourse about how he thinks magnificence is everything and that Dorian ought not squander his childhood since it is the most significant thing on the planet. Indeed, in any event he's not shallow or anyth ing like that. At the point when Basil completes that painting, Dorian has a hissy tantrum since he understands that while he develops old and appalling, the artistic creation will remain everlastingly youthful. He wishes that the canvas would age and he would stay excellent for eternity. Approach to go, Dorian. The following day, Lord Henry visits his uncle, Lord Fermor, and discovers increasingly about Dorian's past and his parentage. He ends up completely fixated on Dorian and the force he believes he has over him. Afterward, he visits his auntie, Lady Agatha, and Dorian is there. We get the opportunity to get a greater amount of his disputable thoughts on a few themes. Everyone appears to be dismayed at the manner in which he thinks, however I surmise he is beguiling to such an extent that they gobble it straight up. Thereafter, Dorian trench Basil to go out with Lord Henry, which is really cold. Anyway, after a month, Dorian discloses to Lord Henry that he has gone gaga for an on-screen character named Sybil Vane. They have an exchange where Dorian clarifies how he met Sybil (roused by Lord Henry and needing to know everything about existence, he went to a playhouse in a terrible piece of town, saw her in a Shakespearean play, and was stricken to such an extent that he came back to see her consistently since) and Lord Henry offers much MORE of his perspectives, which for the most part comprise of (progressively) snooty, narcissistic speculations, also the steady typifying of ladies.

Bag of Bones CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT

Ki lay sleeping soundly similarly as I had left her, on her side with the unsanitary minimal stuffed pooch gripped under her jaw. It had put a smirch on her neck however I hadn't the heart to remove it from her. Past her and to one side, through the open restroom entryway, I could hear the consistent plink-plonk-plink of water tumbling from the spigot and into the tub. Cool air blew around me in a velvety curve, touching my cheeks, sending a not unpleasurable shudder up my back. In the lounge room Bunter's ringer gave a diminish little shake. Water's despite everything warm, sugar, Sara murmured. Be her companion, be her daddy. Go on, presently. Do what I need. Do what we both need. Furthermore, I wanted to, which must be the reason Jo from the start attempted to get me far from the TR and from Sara Laughs. For what reason she'd made a mystery of her conceivable pregnancy, also. Maybe I had found a vampire inside me, an animal with no enthusiasm for what it thought of as syndicated program soul and opinion piece page profound quality. A section that needed distinctly to bring Ki into the washroom and dunk her into that tub of warm water and hold her under, viewing the red-edged white strips sparkle the way Carla Dean's white dress and red stockings had gleamed while the forested areas consumed all around her and her dad. A piece of me would be more than happy to pay the keep going portion on that old bill. ‘Dear God,' I murmured, and cleaned my face with a shaking hand. ‘She knows such a large number of stunts. What's more, she's so screwing solid.' The washroom entryway attempted to swing shut against me before I could experience, however I pushed it open against barely any opposition. The medication bureau entryway slammed back, and the glass broke against the divider. The stuff inside flew out at me, however it was definitely not an exceptionally hazardous assault; this time the greater part of the rockets comprised of toothpaste tubes, toothbrushes, plastic jugs, and a couple of old Vick's inhalers. Swoon, black out, I could hear her yelling in disappointment as I yanked the fitting at the base of the tub and let the water begin sputtering out. There had been sufficient suffocating on the TR for one century, by God. But then, for a second I felt a staggeringly compelling impulse to return the module while the water was still profound enough to carry out the responsibility. Rather I removed it its chain and tossed it down the lobby. The medication bureau entryway applauded shut again and the remainder of the glass dropped out . ‘How many have you had?' I asked her. ‘How numerous other than Carla Dean and Kerry Auster and our Kia? Two? Three? Five? What number of do you need before you can rest?' Every one of them! the appropriate response shot back. It wasn't only Sara's voice, it is possible that; it was my own, too. She'd gotten into me, had snuck in by method of the cellar like a criminal . . . what's more, as of now I was believing that regardless of whether the tub was unfilled and the water-siphon incidentally dead, there was consistently the lake. Every one of them! the voice cried once more. Every one of them, sugar! Obviously just every one of them would do. Up to that point there would be no rest for Sara Laughs. ‘I'll assist you with resting,' I said. ‘That I guarantee.' The remainder of the water twirled away . . . be that as it may, there was consistently the lake, consistently the lake on the off chance that I altered my perspective. I left the washroom and glanced in on Ki once more. She hadn't moved, the impression that Sara was in here with me had gone, Bunter's chime hushed up . . . but I felt uncomfortable, reluctant to disregard her. I needed to, however, if I somehow happened to complete my work, and I would do well not to wait. District and State cops would be along in the end, storm or no tempest, brought down trees or no brought down trees. Indeed, however . . . I ventured into the lobby and glanced precariously around. Thunder blasted, however it was losing a portion of its desperation. So was the breeze. What wasn't blurring was the feeling of something watching me, something that was not-Sara. I stood where I was a second or two longer, attempting to disclose to myself it was only the sizzle of my overcooked nerves, at that point strolled a few doors down to the passage. I made the way for the stoop . . . at that point glanced around again strongly, as though hoping to see a person or thing sneaking behind the furthest finish of the bookshelf. A Shape, maybe. Something that despite everything needed its residue catcher. Be that as it may, I was the main Shape left, in any event in this piece of the world, and the main development I saw was swell shadows tossed by the downpour moving down the windows. It was all the while descending hard enough to redrench me as I crossed my go as far as the carport, however I gave no consideration. I had quite recently been with a young lady when she suffocated, had doomed close suffocated myself in the no so distant past, and the downpour wasn't going to prevent me from doing what I needed to do. I got the fallen branch which had gouged the top of my vehicle, hurled it aside, and opened the Chevy's back entryway. The things I'd purchased at Slips ‘n Greens were all the while sitting on the rearward sitting arrangement, despite everything tucked into the material convey handle sack Lila Proulx had given me. The trowel and the pruning blade were noticeable, however the third thing was in a plastic sack. Need this one of every an uncommon pack? Lila had asked me. Continuously sa]b, never grieved. Furthermore, later, as I was leaving, she had talked about Kenny's canine Blueberry pursuing seagulls and had given out with a major, healthy snicker. Her eyes hadn't chuckled, however. Perhaps that is the means by which you tell the Martians from the Earthlings the Martians can never chuckle with their eyes. I saw Rommie and George's current lying on the front seat: the Stenomask I'd from the outset confused with Devore's breathing device. The young men in the storm cellar made some noise then mumbled, at any rate and I hung over the seat to get the veil by its versatile tie without the smallest thought of why I was doing as such. I dropped it into the convey pack, hammered the vehicle entryway, at that point began down the railroad-attach steps to the lake. In transit I delayed to dodge under the deck, where we had consistently kept a couple of devices. There was no pick, yet I snatched a spade that admired a bit of gravedigging. At that point, for what I thought would be the last time, I followed the course of my fantasy down to The Street. I didn't require Jo to show me the recognize; the Green Lady had been highlighting it from the start. Indeed, even had she not been, and regardless of whether Sara Tidwell didn't in any case smell to the sky, I figure I would have known. I figure I would have been driven there by my own spooky heart. There was a man remaining among me and where the dim temple of rock monitored the way, and as I delayed on the last railroad tie, he hailed me in a scratching voice that I knew very well. ‘Say there, whoremaster, where's your prostitute?' He remained on The Street in the heavy storm, yet his cutters' outfit green wool pants, checked fleece shirt and his blurred blue Union Army top were dry, in light of the fact that the downpour was falling through him as opposed to on him. He looked strong however he was not any more genuine than Sara herself. I helped myself to remember this as I ventured down onto the way to confront him, however my heart kept on accelerating, crashing in my chest like a cushioned mallet. He was wearing Jared Devore's garments, however this wasn't Jared Devore. This was Jared's incredible grandson Max, who had started his profession with a demonstration of sled-burglary and finished it in self destruction . . . in any case, not before masterminding the homicide of his girl in-law, who'd had the nerve to deny him what he had so beyond a reasonable doubt needed. I headed toward him and he moved to the focal point of the way to square me. I could feel the virus preparing off him. I am stating precisely what I mean, communicating what I recollect as unmistakably as Possible: I could feel the virus preparing off him. Also, indeed, it was Max Devore okay, however got up like a lumberjack at an ensemble gathering and looking the manner in which he should have around the time his child Lance was conceived. Old yet solidness. The kind of man more youthful men may well turn upward to. Also, presently, as though the idea had called them, I could see the rest shine into black out being behind him, remaining in a line over the way. These were the ones who had been with Jared at the Fryeburg Fair, and now I knew who some of them were. Fred Dean, obviously, just nineteen years of age in '01, the suffocating of his little girl still more than thirty years away. Furthermore, the person who had helped me to remember myself was Harry Auster, the firstborn of my incredible granddad's sister. He would have been sixteen, scarcely mature enough to raise a fluff however mature enough to work in the forested areas with Jared. Mature enough to crap in a similar pit as Jared. To confuse Jared's toxin with shrewdness. One of the others wound his head and squinted simultaneously I'd seen that tic previously. Where? At that point it came to me: in the Lake-see General. This youngster was the late Royce Merrill's dad. The others I didn't have the foggiest idea. Nor did I want to. ‘You ain't a-passing by us,' Devore said. He held up two hands. ‘Don't consider attempting. Am I right, young men?' They mumbled snarling understanding the sort you could hear originating from any present-day posse of headbangers or taggers, I envision however their voices were far off; in reality more tragic than threatening. There was some substance to the man in Jared Devore's garments, maybe in light of the fact that in life he had been a man of tremendous essentialness, maybe in light of the fact that he was so as of late dead, however the others were minimal more than anticipated pictures. I began forward, moving into that heating chilly, moving into the smell of him a similar invalid scents which had encircled him when I'd met him here previously. ‘Where do you believe you're going?' he cried. ‘For a sacred,' I said. ‘And no law against it. The Street's where acceptable little guys and detestable canines can walk one next to the other. You said so yourself.' ‘You don't comprehend,' Max-Jared said. ‘You never will. You're not of that world. That was our reality.' I quit, taking a gander at him inquisitively. Time was short, I needed to be finished with this . . . be that as it may, I needed to know, and I thought Devore was prepared to let me know. ‘Make me comprehend,' I said. ‘Convince me that any world was your reality.' I took a gander at him, at that point at the glimmering, translucent figures behind him, bandage tissue stored on sparkling bones. ‘Tell me what you did.' ‘It was all

4 Comics for Fans of Making a Murderer

4 Comics for Fans of Making a Murderer This post was originally published at Panels, our sister site about all things comics! Check out more from them here. _______________ While the sophomore  season of Serial has yet to recapture the the zeal surrounding its debut caper, true crime enthusiasts have found a new obsession on Netflix. The 10-episode Making a Murderer documentary is a sensation. A decade in the making, it chronicles the prosecutionand some argue persecutionof Wisconsins Steven Avery and his nephew Brendan Dassey for the 2005 abduction, rape, murder, and mutilation of photographer Teresa Halbach. The crux for the defense teams, particularly in Averys case, was the suggestion that Avery, previously released from prison after serving 18 years for an assault he didnt commit, had been targeted by vengeful county law enforcement and attorneys. Dasseys team further posited that the inept teen was coerced into providing a damaging, though wildly inconsistent confession implicating himself as well as his uncle in the crime. Is this simply a messy and disorganized prosecution, or were one or both of these men wrongfully convicted as the result of a deep conspiracy? Ive personally been watching the series in a loop since it premiered in December, pausing however infrequently to dash out for repeat screenings of The Force Awakens. The twists and turns in the investigation and ensuing trials makes for endlessly compelling television, the level of access an invaluable resource for fans and writers of true crime and legal dramas alike. Theres also something especially bittersweet about Dasseys story in particular, and much has been written about the snapshot of modern tragedy provided by the banal phone conversations with his beleaguered mother. Yeah?Yeah.Huh?Yeah?Yeah. Yeah. Next time on #MakingAMurderer paul montgoMERRY XMAS, YALL! (@fuzzytypewriter) December 23, 2015 Yep, Ive been caught in the riptide, alright. Ive lost days of sleep trying to parse Brendan Dasseys offhand mention of that girl who got eaten by the alligator. #MakingAMurderer paul montgoMERRY XMAS, YALL! (@fuzzytypewriter) January 1, 2016 Absolutely my favorite moment of #makingamurderer A post shared by Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) on Jan 1, 2016 at 10:34am PST Right, so, where to turn to next. Especially for us comic readers. Well, Ive got some options for you. Green River Killer by  Jef Jensen and Jonathan Case   This ones the high water mark for investigative reports on high profile killers, the one I first recommend when asked for non-fiction crime comic recommendations. Stark and sobering, Jensen and Case offer an account of an evolving investigation. Just as the advancement of DNA testing exonerated and freed Stephen Avery after his 18 year bid, those same breakthroughs helped put Gary Leon Ridgway away for at least 49 murders in Washington state. This case is of particular interest because it centers on 180 days of interviews between Ridgway and investigator Tom Jensen, the writers father. Such access is vital stuff. And it doesnt hurt that this Eisner winning book is drawn by Jonathan Case (Batman 66), one of the industrys best craftsman. My Friend Dahmer by Derf Backderf This is generally the second book I recommend, right after GRK. Again, access is a big thing, but this is a very different book. Written and drawn with an R. Crumb level appreciation for the grotesque and banal in everyday life, My Friend Dahmer is an intimateif sometimes admittedly vagueremembrance of a sociopath in his troubled youth. John Derf Backderf attended Richfield, Ohios Revere High School with Jeffrey Dahmer. Friendships are a tricky thing, and Backderfs seemingly candid depiction of his relationship with Dahmer suggests something closer to observer and curiosity than any deep bond. But the authors speculation about Dahmers home life is a tender addition to the story, particularly as he attempts to make sense of the violence to come. Surviving Saskatoon: Milgaard and Me by David Collier This is a bit of a deep dive and may prove a bit of a goose chase in the vein of finding a green Toyota Rav4 in a packed salvage yard (then again). Published back in 2000, cartoonist David Collier (American Splendor) recounts the trial of another David, Milgaard, wrongfully convicted in 1971 for the rape and murder of a nursing assistant named Gail Miller. Its also a portrait of both  Davids native Saskatoon at the time. Though he was only eight at the time of Milgaards trial, Collier vividly recalls a deeply conservative community, rigid and suspicious. By the time Milgaard was released, a year before Collier released his comic, the man had served 23 years in prison. The essay strip is also collected in Portraits of Life. The Lindbergh Child: Americas Hero and the Crime of the Century (Treasury of XXth Century Murder) by Rick Geary As you can see from the parenthetical in the title, Gearys pretty serial, erserious, about serial killers. Hes written and drawn six graphic accounts of graphic murders from the 20th century, eight more from the Victorian era. Any of them would prove ideal followups to Making a Murder viewers, but Im singling out this, the first in this XXth Century Murder series, for the conspiracy element. The 1932 disappearance, ransom, and murder of toddler Charles Lindbergh,  Jr.  remains a contentious case (as well as a not-so-timely anecdote my mother offers helpless cashiers when shes unable to find correct change in her massive, overstuffed purse). Over a two year investigation numerous suspects were sought and a number of attention-craving interlopers strove to insinuate themselves into the affair. Gearys profiled far more prolific killers, but the Lindbergh case trumps them all for convolution and a startling whorl of deception. Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

The Cuban Descent - 991 Words

Cultural competence is a set of behaviors, attitudes, and policies, among professionals enabling them to work competently in cross cultural events. It is the ability to provide care to patients with diverse beliefs, behaviors, and values. This also involves meeting a patient s cultural, language, and social needs. Health care related disparities, changing demographics and globalization make it important that nurses are culturally competent in the workplace. To do this, nurses must be able to engage in cultural self assessment, value diversity, and be culturally aware. Nurses must also understand and effectively respond to cultural differences. As a culturally competent nurse, you will have a more effective interaction with patients and families. If a patient of Cuban descent is assigned, specific nursing considerations are needed such as maintaining eye contact, using body language to help explain any teachings, making the family feel as involved as possible, and keep in mind that the family’s opinion is considered very important. One characteristic of the Cuban culture that must be considered when providing culturally congruent care is eye contact, body language, and talking in close proximity is very important when communicating. A second characteristic is family is very important, the family’s opinion is highly regarded. A third characteristic is the females of the household are the caretakers, therefore, any information about a child’s health or past medical historyShow MoreRelatedAfro Latino Identity : America1066 Words   |  5 PagesStates and you are preparing to fill out a census form. None the choices accurately display who you are racially. This is a problem for many people of Afro-Latino descent. 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ethical neutrality - 3677 Words

ETHICAL NEUTRALITY In what follows, when we use the term â€Å"evaluation† we will mean, where nothing else is implied or expressly stated, practical value-judgments as to the unsatisfactory or satisfactory character of phenomena subject to our influence. The problem involved in the â€Å"freedom† of a given discipline from evaluations of this kind, i.e., the validity and the meaning of this logical principle, is by no means identical with the question which is to be discussed shortly, namely, whether in teaching one should or should not declare one’s acceptance of practical evaluations, regardless of whether they are based on ethical principles, cultural ideals or a philosophical outlook. This question cannot be settled scientifically. It is†¦show more content†¦On that account, in the last analysis, it must be decided only with reference to those tasks which the individual, according to his own set of values, assigns to the universities. Those who on the basis of their q ualifications as university teachers assign to the universities, and thereby to themselves, the universal role of forming character, of inculcating political, ethical, aesthetic, cultural or other beliefs, will take a different position from those who believe it necessary to affirm the proposition and its implications – that university teaching achieves really valuable effects only through specialised training by specially qualified persons. Hence, â€Å"intellectual integrity† is the only specific virtue which universities should seek to inculcate. The first point of view can be defended from as many different ultimate evaluative standpoints as the second. The second – which I personally accept – can be derived from a most enthusiastic as well as from a thoroughly modest estimate of the significance of â€Å"specialised training†. In order to defend this view, one need not be of the opinion that everyone should become as much a pure â€Å"specialist† as possible. One may, on the contrary, espouse it because one does not wish to see the ultimate and deepest personal decisions which a person must make regarding his life, treated exactly as if they were the same as specialised training.Show MoreRelatedIS 535 Essay991 Words   |  4 Pagesfirm? Support your contentions. (Points : 25) 8. (TCO C) List and describe three main capabilities or tools of a DBMS. (Points : 25) 9. (TCO D) Describe and explain the idea of network neutrality. Are you in favor of network neutrality? Why or why not? 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Wikipedia states, â€Å"Net neutrality is the principle that Internet service providers and governments should treat all data on the Internet equally, not discriminating or charging differentially by user, content, site, platform, application, type of attached equipment, and modes of communication.† In the view in favor for Net Neutrality, it’s supporters believe that ISPs and the government do not have the rightRead MoreEthical Banking And Customer Satisfaction : A Comparison Between Bankmecu And Commonwealth Bank Of Australia2559 Words   |  11 Pages Ethical Banking and Customer Satisfaction: A Comparison Between Bankmecu and Commonwealth Bank of Australia CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3 2.1. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 4 2.2. ETHICAL BANKING IN AUSTRALIA 4 2.3. THE RADICAL AFFINITY INDEX 4 2.4. CUSTOMER SATISFACTION 5 3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 5 3.1. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 5 3.2 SAMPLE AND PROCEDURE 6 3.3 DATA COLLECTION 8 3.4 PILOT STUDY 8 3.5 DATA ANALYSIS 10 3.5.1 Data Reduction 10 3.5.2 Data DisplayRead MoreWhat Ethical Theory Is Most Consistent With Lawyer s Professional Responsibilities? Essay1661 Words   |  7 PagesEssay (2500-3000 words) What ethical theory is most consistent with lawyer’s professional responsibilities? †¢ Introduction Lawyers play a key role in the preservation of society. Their job requires them to both serve their clients needs whilst simultaneously upholding the rules outline by the law. Additionally, lawyers as professionals are required to a higher standard of behaviour than that of a non-professional, such as a retail assistant. The concept of an ethical code for the legal professionRead MoreEssay about Counselor Ethical Boundaries and Practices1234 Words   |  5 PagesCounselor Ethical Boundaries and Practices PCN-505 Boundary Issues and Dual Relationships Dual relationships and the ethical behavior that revolves around boundaries with clients present a multitude of very complicated situations to counselors where a clearly defined course of action is not always evident. Aside from no accord amongst mental health professionals and boundary issues being unavoidable at times, recognition and prediction of potential benefits or pitfalls correlated with dualRead MoreThe Convention Theory And Practice Of Administrative Ethics820 Words   |  4 Pages(1985, p. 523). In order to ensure an administrator is acting morally, they must seek out the policy which best serves everyone’s interest. Thompson claims however, that in order to ensure administrative ethics we must reject both the ethic of neutrality and the ethic of structure in order for administrative ethics to be remotely possible. According to Thompson, â€Å"The convention theory and practice of administrative ethics holds that administrators should carry out the orders of their superiorsRead MoreLiberalism And The Ethical And Logical Level Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion of the power and neutrality of the state. Liberal neutrality can be understood as the idea that a neoliberal state should not promote any specific concept of perfectionism, social utopia or the ‘’good’’. This is concept is often used in critiques of multiculturalism and collective rights movements. We will be discussing the theories of some liberal authors such as John Rawls, Locke, Mill, Nozick, and Waldron among others whose philosophies clash on the ethical and logical level. We will

‘A Taste of Honey’- Improvements Free Essays

During the rehearsal period before our short performances of ‘A Taste of Honey’, each actor improved all aspects of their performance, from the interpretation to their proxemics on stage. This was due to our intense rehearsal period where we developed our own acting skills as well as our way of interpreting characters. One of the issues I faced whilst playing Geoff was how best to convey his love and caring toward Jo. We will write a custom essay sample on ‘A Taste of Honey’- Improvements or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because this is a core and essential part of his character, I felt that I had to work on this part of Geoff more than other parts. To achieve this, I worked closely with Poppy (who played the character of Jo) to perfect the scene which opens the piece we were performing, because this is the biggest chance we had to express Geoff’s feeling toward Jo whilst Helen is not in the scene. I included more gestures to show my feelings, such as stroking Jo’s shoulder and helping her up as she is pregnant- these worked together to show that my character cares immensely for Jo. In turn, several techniques helped me to perfect my interpretation. A strategy that I found extremely helpful was called ‘Reflection in Role’; during this process I was asked questions about my character directly after the scene had finished so that I would still be in role and have the feelings of the character fresh in my head. This technique helped to establish a relationship between our characters and develop our understanding of the Human Context. The next strategy which we used is called ‘Hot Seat’ which involved sitting in a chair in front on the class- in character- and being asked questions by the audience about feelings, relationships or statuses within the scene. This helped us to develop a deeper understanding of our character. Furthermore, one of the most common issues within our class was that our dialogue and the delivery of it didn’t sound believable in the ‘Kitchen-Sink’ context. The style of the piece was naturalistic which meant that our actions and the way we said our dialogue had to reflect this. An example of this is, during the fight scene, our lines had to overlap because this would be what would happen in a real fight- we had to make it seem like our lines were unscripted. Repetition of the scene helped us to familiarise ourselves with individual cues, certain moves between characters and being careful not to block each other- this was especially apparent in the scene where Helen is parading across the floor space and steps in front of Jo and Geoff quite often. To perfect the timing of this scene we practised it lots of times, as the repetition helped us to remember and time the section perfectly. Other techniques that we used included going through the scene without stopping- even if we did make mistakes- because this would highlight which areas we needed to improve. Because of the realism theme, everything had to feel as if it was happening for the first time. This was unusual for me, because I am used to each of my lines being heavily rehearsed and sound it. However, in ‘A Taste of Honey’ I had to act as if it was the first time that I had said it- and react accordingly. I found this particularly hard with the line: â€Å"Don’t tell her I came for you,† because I had rehearsed it so much that it had started to sound as if it wasn’t important to the scene- which it was. I improved this by changing the tone of my voice each time I said it, so that it would sound more genuine. In turn, these techniques also helped our next dilemma in rehearsing which were our positions on stage. Before we practised in front of an audience, our scene was using far too much space on stage; we improved this by restricting the amount of room we could use as a performing area. Our group also decided to experiment with different proxemics, so that we could show relationships and the interest and focus of the characters just by the positioning on stage. We also found that we often blocked each other on stage- especially during the fight scene- which would distract from the main action. This was easily corrected, however, and we were able to not upstage each other by our recorded concluding performance. Also, a common problem that some groups faced was that they forgot about their audience and played their character too much in profile so a lot of facial expressions were missed. This was fixed by remembering that the audience are the most important part of the theatre- if they were not there, there would be no theatre! The final obstacle that we faced as a group in our rehearsal period was how to vary the dynamics during the performance. As, during the scene, we are supposed to convey a variety of emotions to the audience we had to include different dynamics. To achieve this, our group experimented with different paces- especially during the argument section. We experimented with different pauses in places where they felt necessary to let the emotions of the scene process with the audience and to dramatize the moment. In each scene that required it, lines would be read at a fast pace, very quickly as to heighten the audience’s emotions and keep them on ‘the edge-of-their-seat’. In contrast, some of the scene was improved so that it was much slower than the rest of the piece. This would add tension to the scene (especially when Helen and Jo are discussing their futures) and would juxtapose the fight section. This would also create a stronger effect as it shows that Helen does truly care about her daughter but doesn’t know how to show or prove it. Before our rehearsal period our characters were very one-dimensional and ‘flat’, but after practising, interpreting, and getting used to our characters we were able to make them a lot more two-dimensional and more interesting to watch during a performance How to cite ‘A Taste of Honey’- Improvements, Papers

How Far Do You Agree That Wyatt’s Rebellion Was a Serious Threat to Mary’s Authority free essay sample

How far do you agree that Wyatt’s rebellion was a serious threat to Mary’s authority? Although Wyatt’s rebellion was, when compared to the riots and rebellions that visited the Tudor Dynasty, rather small in size, it had a large impact in that Queen Mary’s authority as Monarch was questioned and ridiculed by the actions that drove so close to her residence in 1554. Historians argue that the volatile combination of politics, religion and Mary’s personality were major factors in the rebellion’s formation as well as the fear the prospect of a Spanish King visited upon the nobles. Mary’s ascension to the throne of England was marked with extraordinary political and religious circumstance: the return of Catholicism in England marshalled by Mary was a decision met with gratefulness and one that pleased many of those citizens supressed under the Tudor dynasty’s progressive and eventually full protestant stance. However, Mary’s gender meant that she couldn’t enjoy the same levels of independence and power as those wielded by her brother and father. Mary’s announcement that she intended to marry Philip II of Spain in 1554 divided her privy council into two distinct groups; one opposing her marriage, favouring the possible courter, Edward Courtenay (Earl of Devon), and the other, who supported the Spanish Monarch. The reasons for these split alliances were deeply ingrained in foreign policy, with those supporting Philip’s prospects seeking the advantages of a strong Anglo-Spanish alliance, and those against it fearing the consequences of a future hereditary Spanish claim to the English throne and a possible need to aid Spain in future conflict. Some historians like Rex, believe that these circumstances in combination with Mary’s personal stubbornness and willingness to marry Philip II against the inclination of her government played a considerable factor in the fruition of Wyatt’s rebellion. However, there have been attempts by historians to counter this appraisal of Mary’s character, it has been suggested that the queen’s indecision in the negotiations over the restoration of Catholicism to England and more specifically her marriage to Philip was Mary being politically shrewd, tailored to win greater concessions for the English Crown from the Hapsburgs and the Vatican. Thus, it may be fair to attribute Mary’s personality as one of the largest contributing factors of her marriage to Philip and Thomas Wyatt’s consequent anti-monarchic movement whether these intended or not. It would thus seem that it was Mary’s personality and the ways in which her choices affected those around her which was the greatest motive for Wyatt’s rebellion. This view can be furthermore supported when acknowledging the fact that there was very little religious opposition remaining by the time of the rebellion, hence Mary could only be damaged as a result of her own political errors regarding the marriage. Turvell and Randall discuss this view, stating ‘At the beginning of the reign even the most zealous of urban radicals were not prepared to go against the mainstream of public opinion, and waited to see what would happen. Certainly, when Mary, using the royal prerogative, suspended the second Act of Uniformity and restored the mass, there was no public outcry. ’ Hence, historians may argue that Thomas Wyatt’s motives were spurred by the prospect of a Spanish king and were not religiously driven. The actual level of threat that the Wyatt rebellion posed to Mary’s authority is a subject of much debate. On the one hand, historians argue that the rebellion significantly challenged Mary’s position as queen, whilst on the other; the event has been described by historians such as Diarmaid MacCulluch as a demonstration of ‘the bankruptcy of rebellion as a way of solving problems’. This diversity in opinion stems for an array of contemporary circumstances. Those who view the rebellion as a serious threat are quick to acknowledge Elizabeth, who was at the time considered an apt alternative to her idiosyncratically minded sister. Elizabeth’s status as a Protestant may not have pleased the public opinion in England at the time but her young age and ability to bare children was something which Mary could not so easily contest. Similarly, the rebellion’s close proximity to London and Mary’s residence has bolstered its seriousness. Historian Tony Imparato agrees with this view, stating in his book ‘Protest and Rebellion in Tudor England’ that ‘Wyatt’s men marched on London and in doing so presented the most serious threat ever posed to Tudor government †¦ In the end, his force came within half a mile of where the queen was staying, but was forced to retreat. The view held by Imparato may address the seriousness of the Wyatt rebellion in so far as geographical closeness to Mary, but it does not fully explain the event’s consequences in revealing severe weaknesses in Mary’s government and the tenuousness of her position as queen. In his book, ‘The Early Tudors 1485-1558’ John Duncan Mackie discusses the greater extent of the rebellion and what it revealed about Mary’s court: ‘The queen’s Catholic friends had been ineffectual in the crisis and the battle had been won for her by men like Pembroke who had deserted Northumberland at the last minute. In expressing the ineffectuality of Mary’s Catholic allies, Mackie delves deeper into the rebellion’s longer term consequences and in demonstrating Pembroke’s desertion of Northumberland, highlights an only last minute decision by one of England’s most important political figures to support his queen. On the other hand, some historians have viewed Wyatt’s rebellion as having a lesser impact on royal authority. This view has been fuelled by the rebellion’s small levels of popular support as well as Courtenay’s ineptitude. This view is held by Colin Pendrill, who in his 2000 book ‘The English Reformation: Crown, Power and Religious Change, 1485-1558’ holds the view that the Wyatt rebellion failed and that three main issued led to this conclusion: ‘Anti-Spanish rumours did not bring about widespread support’, ‘News of the conspiracy leaked out in January 1554, so the conspirators had to act before they were ready and in the middle of winter’ and that the rebellion lacked support to such a degree that outright hostility was encountered in Coventry and that ‘Wyatt alone managed to raise some troops in Kent†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Pendrill’s supporting of the idea that there was a lack of common support for Wyatt’s anti-Spanish campaign may best present an objective and accurate view of the rebellion’s preamble. It was indeed the case that Wyatt only managed to gather around three-thousand Kentish men to lead to London, suggesting that his geographical location in Kent played somewhat to his favour as this is where the majority of anti-Spanish support was located. This may indicate that the rebellion’s support was in fact not at all widespread and that Wyatt was indeed fortunate to gain the support he did. In contrast to Imparato’s source, Pendrill remonstrates that Wyatt’s rebellion was little more than an unorganised march which posed no real threat to Mary or her constitution’s authority. Furthermore, Imparato’s view can be contrasted against that of historian P. J Hammer, who in his ‘Elizabeth Wars: war, government and society in Tudor England’ states that ‘Wyatt chose to surrender rather than risk a pitched battle without local support. Hammer’s source reinforces the idea that sympathy for Wyatt’s course was not widespread and was confined to the Kent area. In conclusion, on the basis of the evidence given, historians may view Wyatt’s rebellion to have been an unserious yet revealing challenge to Mary’s authority. Although a severe lack of support and disorganisation had cost Thomas Wyatt from reaching Mary, he had revealed to her the existence of core group of dissenters prepared to die in order to prevent an Anglo-Spanish throne in England. The extent to which Mary responded to the rebellion showed her anxiety and anger at the attempted challenge to her authority and for the execution of ninety rebels (including Wyatt himself), the exile of Courtenay and the executions of Lord Thomas Grey and William Thomas, the Wyatt rebellion should be viewed as ultimately unserious, but instrumental in heightening the anxiety of Mary and the lengths to which she would go to ensure her crown and constitution remained secure.

Physics IA bouncing ball Essay Example

Physics IA bouncing ball Paper 1. Put the ruler perpendicular to the flat surface.  2. Place the ruler in the arm of the metal stand and secure it tight so that the ruler can stay still; it must be perpendicular to the surface and parallel to the stand.  3. Grab the rubber ball and place it with one hand besides the 10cm mark in the ruler.  4. With the other hand have the chronometer in 0 seconds and be ready because as you are going to release the ball you have to start the count in the chronometer.  5. Drop the ball and start the count in the chronometer simultaneously. 6. Wait until the ball to stop bouncing completely, this is, wait for the ball to start rolling so that you can see movement just in the horizontal way or x-axis and not in the vertical way or y-axis, and in that specific time, stop the count.  7. In your physics lab table write the resultant time t for the height h of 10cm.  8. Repeat steps 3-6 twice and write the multiple resultant times in your physics lab table in order to have three time samples. This is for avoiding random errors.  9. Continue the pattern of releasing the ball from each multiple of 10 until reaching 100cm, measuring three times from each multiple of 10cm. Write the results in your physics lab table. We will write a custom essay sample on Physics IA bouncing ball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Physics IA bouncing ball specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Physics IA bouncing ball specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 10. Calculate the average of the three times you measure for each multiple of 10cm to 100cm by using this formula:  Taverage= (T1+T2+T3)/3  and write it in your physics lab table in an extra column.  For more accurate results:  -Do not move the experiment while taking your measurements. If you change the place of the experiment, the surface texture, evenness, or slope may change as well, making the results less accurate.  -Use the SAME ball throughout all the experiment; each ball has in general the same characteristics, except that they usually are not perfectly round and they have different sizes and masses. By using the same ball you are increasing accuracy in your measurements. Uncerntanties The uncertainty of the dependant variable, which is the time t, is 0.35 s. This has been measured by subtracting the smallest value to the greatest value of time in every measurement of the height, and then the result of that was divided by 2. It can be better explained with this equation:  After that, the greatest difference of all the results is going to be the one that is chosen to be the uncertainty of time in every measure of height. In this experiment the greatest difference was found in the value of height 80cm, which was 0.35 because. Therefore, 3.5 is going to be the uncertainty of time. All values of time have been rounded to 0.10cm.  The uncertainty of the independent variable, which is the height h, is 0.1cm. This has been settled without any formal guidelines; the factor that just the human eye is used for this experiment and no other more accurate mechanism, gives an uncertainty because the human being is not perfect when measuring something. In this case, the hand can shake at the point of the ruler, or just the perspective of the experimenter can create some error coefficient when measuring the height using a ruler. All values of height have been rounded to 0.1cm.  The following graph was made with Logger Pro Software. I included the uncertainty bars and the computer generated the best straight line and determined the gradient.  Now, the graph is repeated with maximum and minimum gradients based on the extremes of the first and last data point uncertainty bars. Conclusion and Evaluation In Figure 1.3, which is the first graph of our results, there seems to be a direct relationship between the increase of time and the increase of height in the experiment. The straight line that the computer generated shows an increase in both x and y axes which represent the height and the time, respectively.  I can conclude by saying that the experiment of releasing a ball at certain heights, that in this case they were from 10cm in multiples of 10 till reaching a meter, and measuring multiple times to get an average, that in this case was measuring 3 times per measure of height the time it took for the ball to stop bouncing completely and then making a average time, that the hypothesis of height being proportional to time was right and has been proved by analyzing the results and graphs. Time t and the height h were proportional to each other because in the result graph we find a straight line with a slope that proves that proportionality. This makes the experiment successful because the objective of proving the hypothesis was achieved.  After analyzing these factors, the answer to the question How does altering the height when releasing a bouncing rubber ball affect the time until its complete rest in the vertical sense or y-axis? is that as the height increases where the ball is released, it is going to take more time until its rest in the vertical sense, and in the other hand, as the height decreases, the ball is going to take less time to stop bouncing. Problems and Improvement Originally, the experiment was meant to measure the time until the ball reached complete rest (in both x and y axes) so that it could be easy to stop the chronometer and be more accurate. The problem was that the ball would roll on the floor, and as the floor is an even texture, the ball would stop completely taking a lot of time doing it, and sometimes the time it would take to stop in some cases would be very different to other cases because the ball rolls in different directions every time. Changing the experiment of measuring the time until the ball achieved complete rest to measuring time till the ball achieved complete rest in the vertical sense or the y-axis was the solution to overcome this problem. It created a minor problem though. The problem is that the eye cant really see when the ball stops bouncing completely because there are some bounces in the y-axis that cannot be seen by the human eye because they are really minor, making the stopping of the chronometer count a little subjective and decreasing the accuracy of the experiment.

Pride and Prejudice Essay

Pride and Prejudice Essay Pride and Prejudice Essay Pride and Prejudice Essay: the Critical View on the Paper For the first time, I read the book Pride and Prejudice of Jane Austen in 1997. At that moment I didnt know this book considered as the best authors book about love. Today I understand that a lot of modern writers could learn the narration style of Austin and her ability to neglect the unnecessary details in description. The novel Pride and Prejudice is easy, understandable and catchy story, which takes the readers breath away form the first pages. And it is not a big surprise that the literature masterpiece was filmed numerous times. Let us imagine that we got the assignment to write an essay about that artwork. How can we cope with that task? Just follow the recommended steps and everything will be fine. Pride and Prejudice essay: Define the Conception In other words, you think up the purpose of your essay. Remember, that essay requires the purpose identification and the explanation of the topic from various points of view. Backing to Pride and Prejudice essay we can choose the appropriate topic, in the question form. For example, how does the film interpretation differ from the original book?, or, What are the main similarities and differences between the movie and the original book? The topic should be modern, laconic and actual. When you compose the introduction do not forget to put the thesis. Pride and Prejudice essay: Main Body and Topics Description Then you start to describe the main topic. When you ask the question, be ready to answer it with a due argumentation. You present your critical view both on the movie and the book, describe, how the characters from film imitated the characters from the story? Did they fail or succeed in this task? How did the director see and meet the standards of Jane Austens book? What kind of values the author tried to show, and how did it present in the movie? Anyway, show your fantasy and wit, and do not forget to answer all the issues. Pride and Pre judice essay: Outcome In the end of your work, you make a clear conclusion: for instance, you may describe the role of the book and the value of movie for the next generation. Express your last main opinion in order to finalize the article. Do not forget to check your Pride and Prejudice essay up! It will be a shame, if you fail during the examination.

Case study assignment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case study assignment - Coursework Example ‘Open Systems’ Approach and Icy Foods Open system approach is fundamental to the survival based on external stimuli (Kreitner, 2009). Open systems approach came into effect after World War II when management began thinking that organisations are no more a self-contained unit – free from external influences. The company under discussion namely Icy Foods began its operations in 1999 and continued to grow exponentially at least until 2005. The Smiths adopted a very flexible policy approach for organisational management as that suited to them most for meeting market needs. The informal way of working in Icy Foods encouraged workers to learn varied skills passing through different departments as per the needs. Even the company operated night shifts and weekend working when order book forced them to do so. In fact, the Smiths’ approach was quite flexible in people management. It can be gauged from the fact that employees were trained in several areas of company o perations providing them enough liberty to move where they find themselves more suitable. The Smiths were always keen to invite employee view points on operational aspects to bring efficiency in the operations. The fact remains that employees enjoyed considerable freedom in their overall working including their freedom related to leave. Icy Foods paid them above industry average apart from paying bonuses to high performing workers. The Smiths also motivated workers by declaring monthly awards for performers. The management motivated their workforce to deliver their best in many ways and that is reflected in low rates of employee turnover. Thus, Smiths’ were largely following open systems approach responding well to environmental influences; however, things changed when Icy Foods became a subsidiary of one of the large super market chains namely Megastar Plc. Megastar Lacked Open Systems Approach in Managing Human Resources Brown and Grundy (2012) emphasise that human resource (HR) "strategy is very much a part of an open system with many interdependencies" (p 34). Management of the Megastar not only streamlined the operations but also rationalized the product portfolio keeping only four products while discarding remaining. It is true that the company did a commendable job on operational aspects improving efficiency by 35 percent; however, the company fared badly on human resource development aspects. Employee turnover and absenteeism increased significantly. Employees remained grossly unsatisfied with the management because they were not involved in the decision making. They felt that decisions are thrust upon them by managers and headquarter. It is quite clear that in the process to improve operational efficiency of the firm, the management moved away from the ‘open systems’ approach of management. Trained Workers and employees are not only an important but scarce resource for any organisation and ‘open systems’ approach dicta tes that they must be not only preserved or retained but also allowed to develop within the organisation. It is a fact that new management improved the efficiency of the organisation without making it effective to external influences. Environmental Influences Play Critical Role Cole (2005) argues that several environment factors such as economical, social, technological, or political along with competitive forces keep on exerting influence on any organisation. Most of these external environmental factors are not in control of the firm –

Ismg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Ismg - Essay Example For the company to be on the economical side; considering the fact that the company does not have a very strong financial background presently, it is suggested that ignoring the SAP was not too wrong a choice. With the rewriting also, the company did not falter so much in not choosing that option. This argument is made against the background that the company does not have the needed personnel to manage that system. Opting for outsourcing was therefore right at the time of the selection. With outsourcing, the company was sure of employing the services of experienced people whose reputation could be trusted based on their previous contracts. Trade off basically refers to the benefits that will exchanged for undertaking the requirements analysis. Considering the fact that the account payable project is a very huge project that comes with a lot of financial obligation, undertaking requirements analysis was going to be very beneficial in ensuring that the discharging company did not have to make wrong estimate with the needed requirements for the project so that it would get short of budget along the way. As noted in the case study, the winning bidder was going to bear every cost that would come apart from the agreed fee because the contract is a fixed amount contract. The trade off was therefore going to be that the winning bidder would not run at a lost for making wrong estimation and having to seek extra funding to cater for the excesses. On the surface, it may seem that the software development methodology adopted by the company was the waterfall module. However, the Hrad team themselves note that there was much more rapid over-lapping model than the traditional waterfall system. The over-lapping nature of the module is from the fact that there was an existing system that the project implementers had to rewrite a copy of. To this effect, it can be argued on a technical basis that the methodology was a prototyping. Prototyping has other

Carl Jung And Sigmund Freud English Literature Essay

Carl Jung And Sigmund Freud English Literature Essay The relationship between Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud began in 1906 when Jung sent Freud a signed copy of his published studies.   Unknown to Jung, Freud had already purchased his own copy of the book after hearing how favorably his name figured into the writings.   Six months later, Freud sent a collection of his latest published essays to Jung in Zà ¼rich.   These professional gestures began a series of meetings and correspondences between the two men that lasted for six years.   The first conversation between Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud lasted for over 13 hours.  This marked the beginning of an intense correspondence and collaboration between these two men which lasted for 7years. Freud, who was already a famous psychologist, saw this young, outspoken person as a sort of protà ©gà ©.   Freud soon became a father figure to Jung.   In one of the correspondences, Freud referred to Jung as, The Joshua to my Moses, fated to enter the Promised Land which I myself will not live to see.   Again and again he speaks of Jung as his heir, once as my successor and crown prince, and even as spirit of my spirit. In 1908, Jung became editor of the newly founded Yearbook for Psychoanalytical and Psychopathological Research.   The subsequent year, Jung and Freud traveled to the U.S., introducing psychoanalysis by means of their Fordham Lectures.  They spent about 3 months touring America. This was the most intimate time of their friendship. They had several conversations , conversations which brought forth ideological differences between the two. Jungs major disagreement with Freud stalked from their conflicting concepts of the unconscious.   Jung saw Freuds theory of the unconscious as imperfect and pointlessly negative.   According to Jung, Freud considered the unconscious solely as a storehouse of subdued emotions and desires.   At the same time Jung did agree with Freuds model of the unconscious, as Jung called the personal unconscious, but he also projected the existence of far deeper form of the unconscious, which underlies the personal one. He called it the collective unconscious where the archetypes themselves resided. This relationship and collaboration began to deteriorate as the years went on. While Freud thought of Jung as the most innovative person and his successor, he was unhappy with Jungs difference with some of the basic doctrine of Freudian theory. For example, Jung believed that Freud was too focused on sexuality as a motivating force. He also felt that Freuds concept of the unconscious was limited and overly negative. Jung argued that the unconscious could also be a source of creativity. Carl also disagreed with Freuds view that all complexes come from sexual trauma, because he had experience with psychological problem that had different origins.   Freud also did not agree with Carls views about spiritualism and parapsychology.   According to Jung, the first real crisis in their friendship came in spring 1909. Jung visited Freud in Vienna and asked his opinion on precognition and parapsychology. But Freud was too selfish and discarded this matter in a way that upset Jung. Jung speaks about a strange thing which happened at the same time. As Freud was leaving, Jung heard a very loud crack which came from the bookcase next to them, this he spoke of as an example of paranormal phenomenon, which was discarded by Freud immediately. Immediately Jung predicted that in a moment there would be another loud noise, and yes indeed there came a second loud crack from the bookcase. Freud was puzzled but this incident hoisted his mistrust towards Jung. The next crisis in their friendship came in 1910, when Freud was trying to make his sexual theory a code of belief against occultism.   According to Carl Jung, this had nothing to do with scientific judgment, but only with Freuds ambition and past.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Despite their difference they continued to work together until 1912.   It is believed that the break in their friendship came by Jungs publication of Symbols of Transformation, which is full of mythological symbols.   Freud dismissed Jungs interest in religion and myths as being unscientific.   This rejection embittered Jung toward his mentor.   Carl, for reasons not known instigated a rumor that a romantic relationship may have developed between Freud and his sister-in-law, Minna Bernays, who had moved into Freuds apartment.   He suggested that the affair resulted in a pregnancy and a subsequent abortion for Miss Bernays.   Freud met Jungs antagonism with increasing detachment.  Ã‚   Freud visited his colleague Ludwig Binswanger in Kreuzlingen without paying a visit to Jung in nearby Zà ¼rich.   Jung felt severely slighted by this incident, which he referred to as the Kreuzlingen gesture.    The final letter written from Sigmund Freud to Carl Jung read, Your allegation that I treat my followers as patients is demonstrably untrue. . . . It is a convention among us analysts that none of us need feel ashamed of his own neurosis. But one [meaning Jung] who while behaving abnormally keeps shouting that he is normal gives ground for the suspicion that he lacks insight into his illness. Accordingly, I propose that we abandon our personal relations entirely.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -Sigmund Freud, 1912 In 1912, Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung met in Munich among prominent colleagues to discuss psychoanalytical journals.  Freud was overcome by a sudden fainting spell At Jungs talk about his new psychoanalytic essay on Amenhotep IV.   It is said that Jung picked-up Freud, and carried him to a nearby couch.   Jung and Freud personally met for the last time in September of 1913 for the Fourth International Psychoanalytical Congress, also in Munich.   Jung gave a talk on psychological types, the introverted and the extraverted type, in analytical psychology.   This talk introduced of some of the key concepts which came to distinguish Jungs work from Freuds for the next half century After Freud Parting with Freud left Jung shattered to a great extent, he resigned from the International Psychoanalytic Congress in 1914. The rivalry growing between the two was clearly visible in the letters they exchanged. At one point, Jung sarcastically wrote, your technique of treating your pupils like patients is a blunder. In that way you produce either slavish sons or impudent puppies I am objective enough to see through your little trick (McGuire, 1974). Jung soon began an intensified self-analysis (an examination of oneself) in order to discover the mysteries of the unconscious psyche. From 1913 to 1921 Jung published three important papers: Two Essays on Analytical Psychology (1916, 1917) and Psychological Types (1921). The Two Essays provided the basic ideas from which his later work was developed. He described his research on psychological typology (the classification of personalities by studying their similarities and differences)-that there are two basic classifications, or two types of personalities, in the way they relate to the world: introversion and extroversion. Introversion, in which one has the characteristic of being self-involved, withdrawn, occupied with ones inner world. Extroversion, in which one relates to the world through social involvement and has interests outside of oneself and is outgoing. He expressed the idea that it is the personal equation which, often unconsciously but in agreement with ones own typolog y, influences how an individual observes and interacts with their world. Jungs main contribution was his discovery that mans fantasy life has a certain structure. There must be subtle active centers in the unconscious which control natural behavior and free imagination. These combine to form Jungs concept of archetypes. An individual will dream on impulse, and these dreams will have a theme or story similar to a fairy tale, or a myth, from a time long past, that are unknown to the person dreaming. To Jung this meant that archetypal symptoms (memories of experiences of people from the past that are present in every persons unconscious mind) belong to human beings of all ages and from all times; they are the expression of a collective body of mans basic psychic nature. Many neurotic sufferings have happened due to a feeling of self-estrangement (the alienation of oneself from oneself) because of mans creation of a logical framework and control of his dependence on these memories of experiences that exist in the unconscious. His first achievement was to differentiate two classes of people according to attitude types: extraverted (outward-looking) and introverted (inward-looking). Later he differentiated four functions of the mind-thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuition-one or more of which predominate in any given person. Results of this study were embodied in Psychologische Typen (1921; Psychological Types, 1923). As a boy Jung had some weird powerful fantasies or dreams that had developed in intensity through the years. After his break with Freud, during self analysis he deliberately allowed this aspect of himself to function again and studied the experience and responses scientifically by keeping detailed notes of the same. He later developed the theory that these experiences came from an area of the mind that he called the collective unconscious, which he held was shared by everyone. This much-contested conception was combined with a theory of archetypes that Jung held as fundamental to the study of the psychology of religion. In Jungs terms, archetypes are instinctive patterns, have a universal character, and are expressed in behaviour and images. In order to study in depth the archetypal patterns and processes, Jung visited so-called primitive tribes. He lived among the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico and Arizona in 1924 and 1925 and among the inhabitants of Mt. Elgon in Kenya during 1925 and 1926. He later visited Egypt and India. To Jung, the religious symbols and phenomenology (a system of beliefs developed by studying peoples understanding and awareness of themselves) of Buddhism and Hinduism and the teachings of Zen Buddhism and Confucianism all distinguished with respect to a mans experience to find a path to his inner world, a world which was badly neglected by Western civilization. Jung also searched for traditions in Western culture, which made up for its one-sided outgoing development toward reason and technology. He found these traditions in Gnosticism (belief that personal freedom comes through spiritual knowledge and understanding), Christian mysticism (the belief that instinct and spiritual feeling are the ways to find God), and, above all, occultism (knowledge or use of supernatural powers). Some of his major works are deep and clear psychological interpretations of alchemical (the ability and power to make common things special) writings, showing their living significance for understanding dreams and the hidden theme of neurotic and mental disorders. Inner development and growth of personality Jung was keen on the detailing of the stages of inner development and of the growth of the personality, which he termed the process of individuation. He said that its a strong impulse from the unconscious which guides the individual toward its most complete uniqueness. This description was the result of a lifelong task of trial and error and recognizing and connecting the contents of the unconscious. It consists in an ever-increasing self-knowledge and in becoming what you are. Character of his psychotherapy Jung devoted the rest of his life to developing his ideas, especially those on the relation between psychology and religion. In his view, obscure and often neglected texts of writers in the past shed unexpected light not only on Jungs own dreams and fantasies but also on those of his patients; he thought it necessary for the successful practice of their art that psychotherapists become familiar with writings of the old masters. Besides the development of new psychotherapeutic methods that derived from his own experience and the theories developed from them, Jung gave fresh importance to the so-called Hermetic tradition. He conceived that the Christian religion was part of a historic process necessary for the development of consciousness, and he also thought that the heretical movements, starting with Gnosticism and ending in alchemy, were manifestations of unconscious archetypal elements not adequately expressed in the mainstream forms of Christianity. He was particularly impressed with his finding that alchemical-like symbols could be found frequently in modern dreams and fantasies, and he thought that alchemists had constructed a kind of textbook of the collective unconscious. He expounded on this in 4 out of the 18 volumes that make up his Collected Works. His historical studies aided him in pioneering the psychotherapy of the middle-aged and elderly, especially those who felt their lives had lost meaning. He helped them to appreciate the place of their lives in the sequence of history. Most of these patients had lost their religious belief; Jung found that if they could discover their own myth as expressed in dream and imagination they would become more complete personalities. He called this process individuation. In later years he became professor of psychology at the Federal Polytechnical University in Zà ¼rich (1933-41) and professor of medical psychology at the University of Basel (1943). His personal experience, his continued psychotherapeutic practice, and his wide knowledge of history placed him in a unique position to comment on current events. As early as 1918 he had begun to think that Germany held a special position in Europe; the Nazi revolution was, therefore, highly significant for him, and he delivered a number of hotly contested views that led to his being wrongly branded as a Nazi sympathizer. Jung lived to the age of 85. The authoritative English collection of all Jungs published writings is Herbert Read, Michael Fordham, and Gerhard Adler (eds.), The Collected Works of C.G. Jung, trans. by R.F.C. Hull, 20 vol., 2nd ed. (1966-79). Jungs The Psychology of the Unconscious appears in revised form as Symbols of Transformation in the Collected Works. His other major individual publications include ÃÅ"ber die Psychologie der Dementia Praecox (1907; The Psychology of Dementia Praecox); Versuch einer Darstellung der psychoanalytischen Theorie (1913; The Theory of Psychoanalysis); Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology (1916); Two Essays on Analytical Psychology (1928); Das Geheimnis der goldenen Blà ¼te (1929; The Secret of the Golden Flower); Modern Man in Search of a Soul (1933), a collection of essays covering topics from dream analysis and literature to the psychology of religion; Psychology and Religion (1938); Psychologie und Alchemie (1944; Psychology and Alchemy); and Aion: Untersuchungen zur Sy mbolgeschichte (1951; Aion: Researches into the Phenomenology of the Self). Jungs Erinnerungen, Trà ¤ume, Gedanken (1962; Memories, Dreams, Reflections) is fascinating semiautobiographical reading, partly written by Jung himself and partly recorded by his secretary. In 2009 the Red Book, a manuscript that Jung wrote during the years 1914-30, was published. It was, by Jungs own account, a record of his confrontation with the unconscious. Containing both his account of his imaginings, fantasies, and induced hallucinations and his own colour illustrations, The Red Book also includes an extensive introduction and a translation into English. Jung he had to give his psychological practice, writings and explorations up in 1944 due to a severe heart attack. Carl Jungs near-death experience In a hospital in Switzerland in 1944, the world-renowned psychiatrist Carl G. Jung, had a heart attack and then a near-death experience. His vivid encounter with the light, plus the intensely meaningful insights led Jung to conclude that his experience came from something real and eternal. Jungs experience is unique in that he saw the Earth from a vantage point of about a thousand miles above it. His incredibly accurate view of the Earth from outer space was described about two decades before astronauts in space first described it. Subsequently, as he reflected on life after death, Jung recalled the meditating Hindu from his near-death experience and read it as a parable of the archetypal Higher Self, the God-image within. Carl Jung, who founded analytical psychology, centered on the archetypes of the collective unconscious. The following is an excerpt from his autobiography entitled Memories, Dreams, Reflections describing his near-death experience I felt violent resistance to my doctor because he had brought me back to life.  At the same time, I was worried about him. His life is in danger, for heavens sake! He has appeared to me in his primal form! When anybody attains this form it means he is going to die, for already he belongs to the greater company. Suddenly the terrifying thought came to me that the doctor would have to die in my stead. I tried my best to talk to him about it, but he did not understand me. Then I became angry with him. In actual fact I was his last patient.  On April 4, 1944 I still remember the exact date I was allowed to sit up on the edge of my bed for the first time since the beginning of my illness, and on this same day the doctor took to his bed and did not leave it again.  I heard that he was having intermittent attacks of fever.  Soon afterward he died of septicernia. He was a good doctor; there was something of the genius about him. Otherwise he would not have appeared to me as an avatar of the temporal embodiment of the primal form. Women in Jungs life While traveling to the United States together in 1909, Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud passed the time by interpreting each others dreams. Fifty years later in Memories, Dreams, Reflections, Jung wrote about a dream he believed Freud was unable to accurately interpret. In the dream, Jung was living on the second floor of a two-story dwelling when he decided to explore the contents of the ground floor. On that level all the furniture and decorations were old, dating perhaps to the 15th or 16th century. After exploring that floor, Jung set about to explore the whole house. He found a stone stairway leading to the cellar where he discovered artifacts that dated to ancient Roman times. Descending even deeper, he came upon a dusty cave with scattered bones, broken pottery, and two human skulls. He then awoke. Jung later accepted this dream as evidence for different levels of the psyche. The upper floor had an inhabited atmosphere and represented consciousness, the top layer of the psyche. The ground floor was the first layer of the unconscious-old but not as alien or ancient as the Roman artifacts in the cellar, which symbolized a deeper layer of the personal unconscious. In the cave, Jung discovered remains of a primitive culture, that is, the world of the primitive man within myself-a world which can scarcely be reached or illuminated by consciousness (Jung, 1961, p. 160). After Jung described the dream, Freud became interested in the two skulls in the cave, but not as collective unconscious material. Instead, he insisted that Jung associate them to some wish. Who did Jung wish dead? Not yet completely trusting his own judgment, Jung answered, My wife and my sister-in-law-after all, I had to name someone whose death was worth the wishing! I was newly married at the time and knew perfectly well that there was nothing within myself which pointed to such wishes (Jung, 1961, pp. 159-160). Although Jungs interpretation of this dream may be more accurate than Freuds, it is quite possible that Jung did indeed wish for the death of his wife. At that time (1909), Jung was not newly married but had been married for nearly 7 years, and for the past 5 of those years he was deeply involved in a sexual relationship with a former patient named Sabina Spielrein. Frank McLynn (1996) has alleged that Jung was a notorious womanizer who frequently had affairs with his patients and former patients. He claimed that Jungs mother complex caused him to harbor animosity toward his wife while destining him to a life of promiscuity. McLynn, who is extremely antagonistic toward Jung, may have exaggerated Jungs promiscuity, but little doubt exists that Jung had several extramarital affairs. In a letter to Freud dated January 30, 1910, Jung wrote: The prerequisite for a good marriage, it seems to me, is the license to be unfaithful (McGuire, 1974, p. 289). Spielrein had begun her association with Jung as his patient, but the relationship soon turned into a sexual one. In spite of this sexual relationship, Jung continued to analyze Spielrein and eventually conducted a training analysis that enabled her to become a psychoanalyst. John Kerr (1993) has argued effectively that the feminine voice that spoke to Jung in the form of his anima was that of Spielrein. In Memories, Dreams, Reflections, Jung (1961) wrote that he recognized the voice as that of a patient, a talented psychopath who had a strong transference to me (p. 185). If Spielrein had a strong transference to Jung, then he reciprocated with a strong countertransference to her. Spielrein may have been the first female patient that Jung took as a lover, but she was not the last. The most visible of all Jungs affairs was with Antonia (Toni) Wolff, a dark-eyed beauty who first met Jung in 1910 when she was 22 years old. Like Sabina Spielrein, Wolff began her association with Jung as a patient, became his lover, received a training analysis, and became an analyst. When Jung descended into the depths of his unconscious after his break with Freud, it was Toni Wolff, not Emma Jung, who helped him retain his sanity and eventually emerge from that dangerous journey. Jung became so deeply dependent on Wolff that he pressured his wife to allow him to openly carry on his affair with Toni. Emma reluctantly and unhappily agreed. McLynn paints a picture of Emma, Carl, and Toni in a menage à   trois, but such was not the case. Alan Elmss (1994) description of this relationship is probably more accurate. According to Elms, Jung spent Wednesday evenings with Toni, and Toni cane to the Jung household for Sunday dinner with Carl, Emma, and the children, who were no more pleased than their mother over this arrangement. Jung and Wolff continued their affair for at least 2 decades and made no attempt to hide the relationship. Nevertheless, the name Toni Wolff does not appear in Jungs autobiography, Memories, Dreams, Reflections. Elms discovered that Jung had written a whole chapter on Toni Wolff, a chapter that was never published. The absence of Tonis name in Jungs autobiography is probably due to the hatred of Jungs children for Wolff. They remembered when she had carried on openly with their father, and they harbored some lifelong resentment toward her. As adults with some veto power over what appeared in their fathers posthumously published autobiography, they were not in a generous mood to perpetuate knowledge of the affair. By age 60, Toni Wolff had developed arthritis and had lost most of her physical attractiveness. Three years later, she died, no longer Jungs friend or companion. Jung did not attend the funeral of the woman who served him as a second wife and rescued him from a severe midlife crisis. One final, rather unsavory note on Jungs relationships with women is his claim that Freud had had an affair with his own sister-in-law Minna Bernays. In 1957, Jung told John Billinsky, an American psychologist, that at the first meeting between Jung and Freud in Vienna in 1907, Minna Bernays pulled Jung aside and confessed that she was having an affair with Freud. According to Billinsky (1969), Jung told him: Soon I met Freuds wifes younger sister. She was very good-looking and she not only knew enough about psychoanalysis but also about everything that Freud was doing. When, a few days later, I was visiting Freuds laboratory, Freuds sister-in-law asked if she could talk with me. She was very much bothered by her relationship with Freud and felt guilty about it. From her I learned that Freud was in love with her and that their relationship was indeed very intimate. It was a shocking discovery to me, and even now I can recall the agony I felt at the time. (p. 42) Since Billinskys article appeared, scholars have debated the validity of Jungs claims. Other than Jungs story, little evidence exists that Freud was romantically linked to Minna Bernays-or any woman other than his wife. Although Jungs mind remained clear until his death in 1961, his memory of Minnas confession was 50 years old. Also, Jung described Minna as very good-looking. Beauty, of course, is subjective, but few people would view photographs of Minna Bernays and pronounce her as very good-looking. At almost all stages of her life, she was quite plain-looking and not nearly as pretty as her sister Martha Bernays Freud. In addition, it does not seem likely that Minna Bernays, having known Jung for only a very short period of time, would have called him aside and confessed having an affair with Freud. Perhaps Jungs claim that Freud had a sexual relationship with Minna tells us more about Carl Jung than it does about either Sigmund Freud or Minna Bernays. Professional Accomplishments In 1957, Jung wrote The Undiscovered Self (1957), which took on a nostalgic tone in reflection of his previous works and theories. In this relatively short book, Jung considers mans position in relation to the state, church, himself and the meanings of each of those relations. Backed with little to no noted empirical evidence, Jung wrote eloquently about philosophical matters in psychological terms. This work was a typical example of how Jung tended to relate all matters to a handful of topics, such as religion, state, and so on. One of Jungs more creative works was On the Relation of Analytical Psychology to Poetry (1978). He started this piece by noting the difference between the simple creation of art and its essence. Anyone can simply put ink on paper or canvas, but an artist is inspired. Again, he related art to religion as they were both psychic phenomena and occur on different levels within different people. Art came from two main places, the individual creating the art with all of his or her expectation, intentions, faults, etc, and what he called the collective unconscious. The collective unconscious was like a living entity which used man as a medium to create. It was also explained as a river of timeless thoughts common to all people. The collective unconscious helped regulate cultures and helped inspire individuals. Inspired art can trigger a certain understanding between people across cultures, time, gender and age. There may be something common, that everyone can relate to. According to Jung, th is was the essence of art. In his autobiography Memories, Dreams, Reflections, which was published after his death, Jung wrote about his near-death experience. He recalled seeing the earth from outer space, noting each main body of land and ocean. He then came across a Hindu sitting and waiting for him in front of a temple he had seen in his life. The entire body of his works could be remembered so that he could view his accomplishments. He had feelings of being care-free and peaceful. Jung described the feeling as a middle of something without a beginning or end. The answers, it seemed, would be found in the temple. But before he could enter, his attention was shifted to the doctors bringing him back to life. That was the end of his vision. Jung Love: Sabina Spielrein, a forgotten pioneer of psychoanalysis Sabina Spielrein was an 18yr old who was brought in as a patient of Jung. Just before his association with Freud. Hospital records show that Sabina laughs and cries in a strangely mixed, compulsive manner. Masses of tics; she rotates her head jerkily, sticks out her tongue, twitches her legsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Cannot stand people or noise. The notes are written by a newly qualified Dr Jung. He diagnosed her hysteric. Jung was enthusiastic to take on this case as it would help him discover the mysteries of the brain and the unconscious which affected the conscious mind and altered human behavior. Jung decided to try out a new technique on her, one hed read about in a book by Sigmund Freud. This was psychoanalysis, and the technique was the talking technique. Jung was principally keen on the word-association experiment: a series of random words were fired at the patient, who had to respond with the first thing that came to mind. Jung noticed that mentions of the girls father provoked grimaces and gestures of abhorrence. Gradually Jung discovered that Sabinas , has the odd habit of buying everything she sees. She then has to borrow from relatives and there is constant anxiety that the father might find out about this. Also that her mother competed with her adolescent daughter for the attentions of various men. Spielreins father, meanwhile insults and tyrannises the family, frequently going wild and threatening suicide. Spielrein is always afraid that he will kill himself. Moreover, he frequently beat Sabina on her bare buttocks in a special room away from the family. Sabina, the eldest of five terrorized children (the youngest died of typhoid aged six), eventually confessed to Jung that she felt sexual excitement when her father beat her. Jung also came across a fact that Spielreins mother had raised Sabina in complete sexual ignorance, which explains her confused reaction to these oddly intimate episodes with her father. Either way, she came to conflate suffering both physical and emotional with love. Jung achieved success with Spielrein within the first year with his new technique. Sabina was cured to such an extent that Sabina started living independently in Zurich and studying medicine at the university. Jung later claimed (in a letter to Freud, with whom hed started corresponding during Spielreins treatment) that he maintained contact with her only because he feared a relapse. But Sabina did not feel so in 1906 she wrote to him I love you too much,. A year later Jung rather lewdly told Freud, she admits that her greatest wish is to have a child by me. For that purpose I would naturally have to let the bird out first. Its clear from Jungs letters that they had an intimate relation and they were meeting every few days, in her flat so you are less inhibited or taking boat rides so we can be alone. In 1908, when she went to Russia for the summer, Jung wrote, I realise how much more attached I am to you than I ever thought. The intense relation was carried on for five years. Once Spielreins mother received an anonymous letter (probably from Jungs wife), which provoked her to write to Jung asking him not to ruin the girl he had saved. His reply is remarkably coldhearted: You do understand that a man and a girl cannot possibly continue indefinitely to have friendly dealings with one another without the likelihood that something more may enter the relationship. Until then, Jung and Spielreins meetings had been social. If she wanted him to remain strictly professional, he suggested, she should resume paying him : My fee is 10 francs per consultation. The rumour was widespread enough to reach Freud in Vienna. Jung, terrified for his reputation, wrote to him that a woman patient had kicked up a vile scandal. He went on to say that he offered her friendship only to realise she was of course systematically planning my seduction. He admitted, however that, during the whole business Grosss notions [he was referring to Otto Gross, an